Establishing Control After the Norman Conquest (AQA GCSE History: British Depth Study (Paper 2: Section B)): Flashcards
Exam code: 8145
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Where did the Anglo-Saxon earls swear oaths of allegiance to William in 1066?
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Cards in this collection (48)
Where did the Anglo-Saxon earls swear oaths of allegiance to William in 1066?
The Anglo-Saxon earls swore oaths of allegiance to William at Berkhamstead in 1066.
William was crowned King of England in on Christmas Day 1066.
William was crowned King of England in Westminster Abbey on Christmas Day 1066.
Which thegn from Herefordshire started the revolt on the Welsh borders in 1067?
Edric the Wild, a thegn from Herefordshire, started the revolt on the Welsh borders in 1067.
At which battle did Edric the Wild's rebels fight William in 1069?
Edric the Wild's rebels fought William at the Battle of Stafford in 1069.
Define Eustace, Count of Boulogne.
Eustace, Count of Boulogne was the brother-in-law of Edward the Confessor who attacked Dover Castle in 1067.
True or False?
Eustace's attack on Dover Castle in 1067 was easily withstood by the castle's knights.
True.
The castle's knights easily withstood Eustace's attack on Dover Castle in 1067.
Who did Edwin and Morcar plan to make king in place of William in 1068?
Edwin and Morcar planned to make Edgar the Atheling king in place of William in 1068.
After an 18-day siege in 1068, the city of surrendered to William.
After an 18-day siege in 1068, the city of Exeter surrendered to William.
Who was placed in command of the new castle William built at Exeter?
Robert of Mortain, William's half-brother, was placed in command of the new castle William built at Exeter.
Define Hereward the Wake.
Hereward the Wake was a thegn from Ely who led the Anglo-Saxon rebellion in the Fens in 1070–1071.
True or False?
William captured Hereward the Wake at the Isle of Ely.
False.
Morcar was captured but Hereward escaped and was never captured.
Which Anglo-Saxon earl joined the Revolt of the Norman Earls in 1075 and was later executed for treason?
Waltheof was the Anglo-Saxon earl who joined the Revolt of the Norman Earls in 1075 and was later executed for treason.
Define harrying.
Harrying is an old term meaning to lay waste or completely destroy something.
In which years did the Harrying of the North take place?
The Harrying of the North took place in 1069–1070.
Which Normandy monk described William's cruelty during the harrying in an early twelfth-century chronicle?
Orderic Vitalis, a monk from Normandy, described William's cruelty during the harrying in an early twelfth-century chronicle.
Whose daughter did Edgar the Aetheling marry to win Scottish support for his claim?
Edgar the Aetheling married the daughter of Malcolm, the King of Scotland, to win Scottish support for his claim.
In January 1069, William appointed as an earl to bring the north under Norman control, but he was murdered at Durham.
In January 1069, William appointed Robert of Commines as an earl to bring the north under Norman control, but he was murdered at Durham.
How many Danish ships joined Edgar in capturing York in the summer of 1069?
A fleet of 240 Danish ships joined Edgar in capturing York in the summer of 1069.
How did William remove the Viking allies of the northern rebels?
William removed the Viking allies of the northern rebels by paying them an enormous sum to leave England and return to Denmark.
William ordered that the lands around York be , meaning no more crops could be grown.
William ordered that the lands around York be salted, meaning no more crops could be grown.
How many people are estimated to have died in the winter of 1069–70 following the harrying?
An estimated 100,000 to 150,000 people died in the winter of 1069–70 following the harrying.
According to the Domesday Book of 1086, roughly what proportion of Yorkshire was described as 'waste'?
According to the Domesday Book of 1086, around 80% of Yorkshire was described as 'waste'.
True or False?
The Harrying of the North succeeded in preventing all further rebellions against Norman rule.
False.
Rebellions continued, most notably under Hereward the Wake and the Norman Earls.
Define Danelaw.
Danelaw was the area of northern England, once ruled separately as part of Viking territory, that the north had formed part of.
Define burh.
A burh was a fortified Anglo-Saxon town built to protect a whole community from attack.
Who were Norman castles designed to house and protect?
Norman castles were designed to house and protect soldiers.
The Normans built a castle at Bay, where they first landed after crossing the English Channel.
The Normans built a castle at Pevensey Bay, where they first landed after crossing the English Channel.
True or False?
Unlike Anglo-Saxon burhs, Norman castles were built to protect whole communities.
False.
They were designed to house and protect soldiers, not whole communities.
Define motte.
The motte was the raised mound on which the main fort (keep) of the castle was built.
Define bailey.
The bailey was the enclosed courtyard area of a motte and bailey castle.
What is the name for the main fort that sat on top of the motte?
The main fort that sat on top of the motte was called the keep.
The wooden fence surrounding a motte and bailey castle was called a .
The wooden fence surrounding a motte and bailey castle was called a palisade.
Which water-filled feature helped defend a motte and bailey castle, crossed by a drawbridge?
The moat was the water-filled feature, crossed by a drawbridge, that helped defend a motte and bailey castle.
Give one reason, other than defence, why castles were important to William.
Castles served as bases from which soldiers could launch attacks against rebellious locals.
Whose labour was used to construct Norman castles, showing William's control over the people?
Norman castles were constructed using slave labour from the local populations, showing William's control over the people.
True or False?
Anglo-Saxon houses were often destroyed to make way for Norman castles.
True.
Anglo-Saxon houses were often destroyed to make way for Norman castles.
In which year did William the Conqueror die?
William the Conqueror died in 1087.
During which battle was William the Conqueror fatally injured?
William the Conqueror was fatally injured during the Battle of Mantes.
William the Conqueror was buried at the Abbaye-aux-Hommes in , Normandy.
William the Conqueror was buried at the Abbaye-aux-Hommes in Caen, Normandy.
Which of William's sons was named heir to the English throne?
William Rufus, William's second son, was named heir to the English throne.
What did William the Conqueror's eldest son, Robert Curthose, inherit?
William the Conqueror's eldest son, Robert Curthose, inherited William's lands in Normandy.
Define primogeniture.
Primogeniture was the Norman tradition by which the eldest son inherits; Robert believed England was his under it.
What was left to Henry, William the Conqueror's youngest son?
Henry, William the Conqueror's youngest son, was left a large sum of money.
In which cathedral was William Rufus crowned William II on 27 September 1087?
William Rufus was crowned William II in Canterbury Cathedral on 27 September 1087.
Bishop Odo of Bayeux and six of the ten leading plotted to rebel against Rufus.
Bishop Odo of Bayeux and six of the ten leading barons plotted to rebel against Rufus.
From whom did Rufus learn of the plot against him?
Rufus learned of the plot against him from the Bishop of Durham.
How did Rufus stop the barons' plot against him?
Rufus stopped the barons' plot by bribing them into supporting him.
True or False?
William Rufus and Robert Curthose reconciled their differences in 1091.
True.
William Rufus and Robert Curthose reconciled their differences in 1091.
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