Life in Elizabethan Times (AQA GCSE History: British Depth Study (Paper 2: Section B)): Flashcards
Exam code: 8145
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Define the 'Great Chain of Being'.
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Define the 'Great Chain of Being'.
The 'Great Chain of Being' was a religious-based hierarchy on which Elizabethan society was based.
Who was at the very top of the 'Great Chain of Being'?
God was at the very top of the 'Great Chain of Being'.
In the 'Great Chain of Being', angels were placed below God and above .
In the 'Great Chain of Being', angels were placed below God and above human beings.
In the human section of the hierarchy, who was placed at the top?
The monarch was placed at the top of the human section of the hierarchy.
True or False?
The subsections of the human hierarchy helped prevent instability in England.
True.
What was the average yearly income of a member of the nobility?
A member of the nobility had an average yearly income of £6,000 a year (approximately £1 million today).
Name one nobleman from Elizabethan England.
One nobleman from Elizabethan England was Robert Dudley (or Robert Devereux).
If a member of the nobility committed treason, they would be , never hanged.
If a member of the nobility committed treason, they would be beheaded, never hanged.
How was land usually passed on within the nobility?
Land was usually passed on within the nobility by being inherited from a father to their eldest son.
Define the gentry.
The gentry were the second most powerful group in Elizabethan society, who tended to be landlords in the countryside.
What mainly caused the growth of the gentry in the Elizabethan period?
The growth of the gentry in the Elizabethan period was mainly caused by the increase in trade at the time.
The income of the gentry depended on the size of their land and could vary between £10 and a year.
The income of the gentry depended on the size of their land and could vary between £10 and £2,000 a year.
Define 'Golden Age'.
A 'Golden Age' is a term used for a period of great achievement.
How long did Elizabeth I's reign last?
Elizabeth I's reign lasted 45 years.
Elizabeth's long reign allowed for , which England needed after years of political and religious instability.
Elizabeth's long reign allowed for stability, which England needed after years of political and religious instability.
Which military victory showed Elizabeth's success where previous monarchs had failed?
Defeating the Spanish Armada showed Elizabeth's success where previous monarchs had failed.
In what year did Elizabeth pass laws to control what people wore?
Elizabeth passed laws to control what people wore in 1562.
Why was fashion so important in the Elizabethan period?
Fashion was so important in the Elizabethan period because it was a way of showing your wealth and a status symbol.
Define the 'Great Rebuilding'.
The 'Great Rebuilding' was the Elizabethan period in which wealthy people built many stately homes or renovated their homes.
Which two European Renaissance styles inspired Elizabethan architecture?
Elizabethan architecture was inspired by the French and Italian Renaissance styles.
Elizabethan homes like Hall are excellent examples of Elizabethan architecture and had walls of glass.
Elizabethan homes like Hardwick Hall are excellent examples of Elizabethan architecture and had walls of glass.
What did having more chimneys on a house show about the owner?
Having more chimneys on a house showed that the owner had more rooms and could afford to heat them.
True or False?
Some historians claim that the 'Golden Age' of the Elizabethan period was a myth.
True.
Give one example of a cruel blood sport that was still popular in Elizabethan England.
One example of a cruel blood sport that was still popular in Elizabethan England was bear baiting (or dog fighting).
Define patron.
A patron was a wealthier Elizabethan who supported actors and built theatres for troupes to perform in.
What was the name of the first purpose-built theatre?
The first purpose-built theatre was The Red Lion, in Whitechapel.
Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, owned a theatre company called in 1559.
Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, owned a theatre company called Leicester's Men in 1559.
In what year did Elizabeth's government introduce censorship of the theatre?
Elizabeth's government introduced censorship of the theatre in 1572.
True or False?
Elizabeth attended the theatre herself.
False.
Theatre companies performed plays for her in the royal court.
For which theatre company did Shakespeare write?
Shakespeare wrote for The Lord Chamberlain's Men.
How many plays did Shakespeare write?
Shakespeare wrote 38 plays.
Shakespeare's plays were performed at , a purpose-built theatre on the south bank of the River Thames.
Shakespeare's plays were performed at The Globe, a purpose-built theatre on the south bank of the River Thames.
Whose position and authority did Shakespeare's plays support?
Shakespeare's plays supported the monarchy (and the 'Great Chain of Being').
Which religious group saw the theatre as a distraction from praying and studying the Bible?
The Puritans saw the theatre as a distraction from praying and studying the Bible.
The theatre was seen as dangerous because , including pickpocketing, was common there.
The theatre was seen as dangerous because crime, including pickpocketing, was common there.
Why did people think the theatre was unhygienic?
People thought the theatre was unhygienic because it attracted large crowds where diseases easily spread.
What was the North-West Passage?
The North-West Passage was a new, faster route to the Far East that explorers believed existed around North America.
In 1600, the was created to establish a direct trade route with Asia.
In 1600, the East India Company was created to establish a direct trade route with Asia.
Name one thing Elizabethans searched for in the Americas.
One thing Elizabethans searched for in the Americas was wealth (or influence, or colonies).
Which two countries had a lot of success in the 'New World' before England?
Spain and Portugal had a lot of success in the 'New World' before England.
Which land did Sir Walter Raleigh attempt to colonise?
Sir Walter Raleigh attempted to colonise Roanoke.
In 1584, Raleigh had to give Elizabeth of all the gold and silver found in the colonised lands.
In 1584, Raleigh had to give Elizabeth one-fifth of all the gold and silver found in the colonised lands.
In establishing which naval force was John Hawkins influential?
John Hawkins was influential in establishing the Royal Navy.
True or False?
John Hawkins played a significant role in the establishment of the trade in enslaved people.
True.
Hawkins transported enslaved African people to the Caribbean, and his involvement encouraged others, laying the foundations for England's later role in the slave trade.
Define privateer.
A privateer was someone given permission by Elizabeth to raid enemy ships and cargo.
Which tactic used by Drake during the Spanish Armada helped defeat the Spanish?
Drake's fireship tactic during the Spanish Armada helped defeat the Spanish.
Between which years did Drake circumnavigate the world?
Drake circumnavigated the world between 1577 and 1580.
When he returned to England in 1580, Drake had captured of Spanish treasure.
When he returned to England in 1580, Drake had captured £400,000 of Spanish treasure.
Why were 16th-century galleons designed with a lower bow and stern?
16th-century galleons were designed with a lower bow and stern because it improved the galleon's stability in stormy conditions.
Under the 1531 law, what happened to a beggar caught without a licence for a third time?
Under the 1531 law, a beggar caught without a licence for a third time was hanged.
Poor harvests between 1594 and resulted in food shortages and death from starvation.
Poor harvests between 1594 and 1598 resulted in food shortages and death from starvation.
By how much did England's population grow during Elizabeth's reign?
England's population grew from 2.8 to 4 million during Elizabeth's reign.
Define the 'undeserving poor'.
The 'undeserving poor' were those seen as undeserving of help, such as untrustworthy beggars, the able-bodied and the idle poor.
Who published 'A Caveat or Warning for Common Cursitors' in 1567?
Thomas Harman published 'A Caveat or Warning for Common Cursitors' in 1567.
Name two groups classed as the 'deserving poor'.
Two groups classed as the 'deserving poor' were the genuine sick and the disabled (also the unemployed, orphans and the old).
Under the Statute of Artificers 1563, JPs who did not collect poor relief were fined .
Under the Statute of Artificers 1563, JPs who did not collect poor relief were fined £20.
What was the aim of the Vagabonds Act of 1572?
The aim of the Vagabonds Act of 1572 was to reduce the levels of vagrancy in towns and cities.
True or False?
During the Elizabethan period a more Christian approach was taken towards the poor.
True.
In 1570, into which two groups did Norwich separate its poor?
In 1570, Norwich separated its poor into the 'idle poor' and the 'unfortunate poor'.
Under the 1601 Poor Law, the 'Idle Poor' were whipped and sent to a to work.
Under the 1601 Poor Law, the 'Idle Poor' were whipped and sent to a House of Correction to work.
In what year was the first-ever Poor Law introduced?
The first-ever Poor Law was introduced in 1601.
Until which century did the 1601 Poor Law continue to be in effect?
The 1601 Poor Law continued to be in effect until the nineteenth century.
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