Reducing Heating in Circuits (Edexcel GCSE Physics) : Revision Note

Katie M

Author

Katie M

Last updated

Explaining Heating in Circuits

  • When electricity passes through a component, there is energy transferred to heat

  • This is due to collisions between:

    • Electrons flowing in the conductor, and

    • The lattice of atoms within the metal conductor

  • Electricity, in metals, is caused by a flow of electrons

    • This is called the current

  • Metals are made up of a lattice of ions

  • As the electrons pass through the metal lattice they collide with ions

    • The ions resist the flow of the electrons

Electrons and resistance, downloadable AS & A Level Physics revision notes

As electrons flow through the metal, they collide with ions, making them vibrate more

  • When the electrons collide, they lose some energy by giving it to the ions, which start to vibrate more

    • As a result of this, the metal heats up

  • This heating effect is utilised in many appliances, including:

    • Electric heaters

    • Electric ovens

    • Electric hob

    • Toasters

    • Kettles

Reducing Heating in Circuits

  • In most electrical appliances, the heat is not wanted

    • As well as being unwanted, it can also be dangerous

  • The amount of heat created in wires can be reduced in a couple of ways:

    • Reduce the current in the wires

    • Uses wires with a lower resistance

  • Copper is usually used in electrical wiring as it has a relatively low resistance and is fairly cheap

    • Lower resistance alternatives exist, but they are more expensive

👀 You've read 1 of your 5 free revision notes this week
An illustration of students holding their exam resultsUnlock more revision notes. It's free!

By signing up you agree to our Terms and Privacy Policy.

Already have an account? Log in

Did this page help you?

Katie M

Author: Katie M

Expertise: Physics Content Creator

Katie has always been passionate about the sciences, and completed a degree in Astrophysics at Sheffield University. She decided that she wanted to inspire other young people, so moved to Bristol to complete a PGCE in Secondary Science. She particularly loves creating fun and absorbing materials to help students achieve their exam potential.

Download notes on Reducing Heating in Circuits