Muslim Beliefs & Teachings: The Six Beliefs (Edexcel GCSE Religious Studies A: Islam): Flashcards
Exam code: 1RA0
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True or False?
Most Muslims are Shi’a Muslims.
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True or False?
Most Muslims are Shi’a Muslims.
False.
About 85-90% of Muslims are Sunni Muslims, and most of the rest are Shi’a Muslims.
Why did Sunni and Shi’a Muslims split?
Sunni and Shi’a Muslims split after the death of the Prophet Muhammad because they disagreed over who should become the new leader (caliph).
Who did Sunni Muslims accept as the first leader after Muhammad?
Sunni Muslims accepted Abu Bakr, Muhammad’s father-in-law and dear friend, as the first "rightly guided" khalifah.
Define Iman al-Mufassal.
Iman al-Mufassal is the name for the six beliefs (articles) of faith in Sunni Islam.
Who do Shi’a Muslims believe should have been the first leader after Muhammad?
Shi’a Muslims believe Ali should have been the leader because he grew up in Muhammad’s house and so came from the ahl al-bayt, the prophet’s family.
Define Kitab al-iman.
The Kitab al-iman is the Book of Faith, a part of the Hadith (sayings of the Prophet Muhammad) that sets out the six beliefs of faith.
The six beliefs of faith come from the Qur’an and the Hadith of _________ in the Kitab al-iman.
The six beliefs of faith come from the Qur’an and the Hadith of Gabriel in the Kitab al-iman.
Which of the Six Beliefs do Sunni Muslims see as the most important?
Sunni Muslims see Tawhid, belief in one God, Allah, the Supreme Being and creator of the universe, as the most important belief.
Define Malaikah.
Malaikah are angels: heavenly beings who obey Allah and carry out tasks for him, such as delivering his messages to prophets.
What is the belief in Kutub?
Kutub is belief in the authority of the holy books that contain Allah’s messages: mainly the Qur’an, but also the Sahifah, Tawrat, Zabur and Injil.
True or False?
Belief in al-Qadr means that Muslims believe humans have no free will.
False.
Muslims believe Allah knows everything that will happen, but humans still have free will and are responsible for their own actions.
What is the belief in Akhirah?
Akhirah is belief in life after death: on the Day of Judgement, Allah will judge every human and decide whether they go to Jannah (paradise) or Jahannam (hell).
How does belief in al-Qadr affect Muslims today?
Belief in al-Qadr reminds Muslims to accept God’s will, and many Muslims seek blessings on Laylat al-Qadr (the Night of Power).
True or False?
Shi’a Muslims base their faith on the Six Beliefs of Islam.
False.
The Six Beliefs are the Sunni framework of faith; Shi’a Muslims base their faith on the Five Roots of ‘Usul ad-Din.
Why must Sunni Muslims follow every one of the Six Beliefs?
Belief in each of the Six Beliefs is compulsory for Sunni Muslims, and following each principle keeps them on the right path.
Define Five Roots of ‘Usul ad-Din.
The Five Roots of ‘Usul ad-Din are five key principles of faith for Shi’a Muslims, sometimes called the "roots of religion".
What are the Five Roots of ‘Usul ad-Din based on?
The Five Roots come from the Qur’an, the Hadith, and the agreement of early Shi’a scholars and leaders.
True or False?
The Five Roots of ‘Usul ad-Din and the Six Beliefs of Islam share no beliefs.
False.
Both include beliefs such as Tawhid and prophethood, but the Five Roots are the Shi’a framework of faith and the Six Beliefs are the Sunni one.
Which of the Five Roots is the most important belief?
Tawhid, belief in one God, is the most important belief: Allah is the Supreme Being, creator of the universe, without equal.
Define Nubuwwah.
Nubuwwah is prophethood: belief in the messengers Allah sent to preach belief in one God and guide people along the right path.
Shi’a Muslims believe in a chain of prophets from ____ to Muhammad.
Shi’a Muslims believe in a chain of prophets from Adam to Muhammad.
Define Adalat.
Adalat (or ‘Adl) is belief in divine justice: Allah is fair and will treat everything and everyone justly.
Define Imamah.
Imamah is the Shi’a belief in God-given leadership: Allah appointed certain imams as Muhammad’s successors to guide humanity with authority and wisdom.
Who belongs to the ahl al-bayt?
The ahl al-bayt (People of the Prophet’s House) includes the Prophet Muhammad, his daughter Fatimah and a line of imams starting with Ali.
True or False?
Shi’a Muslims believe that the imams of the ahl al-bayt can make mistakes.
False.
Shi’a Muslims believe these imams are pure and infallible, which means they are unable to make mistakes.
Why do some Shi’a writings call the imams lights?
Some Shi’a writings call the imams "lights" because Allah sent them to show people the path out of darkness and sin and lead them towards Allah.
The __________ are the majority of Shi’a Muslims, who believe there were 12 imams after the death of Muhammad.
The Twelvers are the majority of Shi’a Muslims, who believe there were 12 imams after the death of Muhammad.
What do Shi’a Muslims believe will happen on the Day of Judgement?
Shi’a Muslims believe that there will be a Resurrection and that Allah will judge all humans.
Why are the Five Roots important to Shi’a Muslims?
The Five Roots are the most important elements of Shi’a faith: they unite all Shi’a Muslims and help them understand their religion better. They also guide how Shi’a Muslims should live.
What do Shi’a Muslims believe they do by keeping the Five Roots?
Shi’a Muslims believe that keeping the Five Roots means they are obeying the will of Allah and the command of the Prophet Muhammad.
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