Muslim Practices: Pilgrimage & Festivals (Edexcel GCSE Religious Studies A: Islam): Flashcards
Exam code: 1RA0
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- FrontWhat is Hajj?
Define Hajj.
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Define Hajj.
Hajj is the pilgrimage to Makkah and the fifth of the Five Pillars of Islam.
True or False?
All Muslims must go on Hajj every year.
False.
All Muslims who are physically fit and can afford to go should make the journey once in their lifetime.
Why do Muslims see Makkah as the holiest place on earth?
Makkah is the holiest place because the Prophet Muhammad and other prophets lived and preached there.
Hajj takes place every year in the month of _____________.
Hajj takes place every year in the month of Dhul-Hajjah.
Define Ka’bah.
The Ka’bah is the cube-shaped building in Makkah that Muslims believe to be the first house of Allah on earth.
True or False?
Hajj is one of the Five Pillars of Islam but not one of the Ten Obligatory Acts.
False.
For Shi’a Muslims, Hajj is also one of the Ten Obligatory Acts.
Define ihram.
Ihram is the simple clothing, generally white seamless robes, that pilgrims change into before Hajj to show that everyone is equal before Allah.
Define Tawaf.
Tawaf is the circling of the Ka’bah seven times, which pilgrims perform during Hajj and again in farewell at the end.
What do pilgrims remember when they perform Sa’y?
During Sa’y, pilgrims run between the hills of Safa and Marwa to remember Hagar searching for water in the desert.
During Hajj, pilgrims drink from the _______ well.
During Hajj, pilgrims drink from the Zamzam well.
What do pilgrims do on Mount Arafat?
On Mount Arafat, pilgrims stand to pray and read from the Qur’an.
What does throwing stones at pillars symbolise during Hajj?
Throwing stones at pillars symbolises the rejection of the devil.
Whose example do Muslims follow when they perform Hajj?
Muslims follow the example of the prophets Ibrahim and Isma’il.
"Anyone who honours the sacred ordinances of God will have good _________ from his Lord" (Qur’an, Surah 22:30).
"Anyone who honours the sacred ordinances of God will have good rewards from his Lord" (Qur’an, Surah 22:30).
True or False?
Muslims believe that completing Hajj makes no difference to their sins.
False.
Muslims believe that completing Hajj wipes away their sins and gives them a fresh start.
Define Hajji.
A Hajji is a pilgrim who has completed Hajj; Hajjis often return home inspired and spiritually refreshed.
How does Hajj bring Muslims closer to Allah?
Hajj lets Muslims put worldly concerns aside and focus only on Allah, which strengthens their faith.
How does Hajj strengthen the ummah?
Hajj strengthens the ummah by bringing Muslims from all over the world together, all united in the same experience.
What challenges do pilgrims face on Hajj?
Hajj is physically demanding, the sites become very crowded, and pilgrims can find it hard to remember the lessons of Hajj back in their busy lives.
True or False?
Muslims believe that the challenges of Hajj weaken a pilgrim’s faith.
False.
Muslims believe that overcoming the challenges strengthens faith further and teaches pilgrims to be patient and self-disciplined.
Define Id-ul-Adha.
Id-ul-Adha is the festival of sacrifice, one of the two main Muslim festivals.
Whose willingness to sacrifice does Id-ul-Adha remember?
Id-ul-Adha remembers the prophet Ibrahim’s willingness to sacrifice his son Isma’il when God asked him to.
True or False?
In the story behind Id-ul-Adha, Isma’il refused to give up his life.
False.
Isma’il was ready to give his life; God called out to Ibrahim and praised them both for their faithfulness.
How do Muslims remember the story of sacrifice at Id-ul-Adha?
Muslims remember it with the sacrifice of an animal, such as a sheep.
Muslims share the meat from the Id-ul-Adha sacrifice with the ____.
Muslims share the meat from the Id-ul-Adha sacrifice with the poor.
Define Id Mubarak.
Id Mubarak is the greeting Muslims use at Id, which means "Have a blessed Id".
What do Muslims try to show in their own lives at Id-ul-Adha?
Muslims try to show a similar level of devotion to God as Ibrahim and Isma’il, and they give thanks for God’s mercy.
Define Id-ul-Fitr.
Id-ul-Fitr is the festival that marks the end of Ramadan fasting (Sawm).
When does Id-ul-Fitr start?
Id-ul-Fitr starts when Muslims see the first new moon at the end of the lunar month of Ramadan.
True or False?
The Prophet Muhammad was the first person to celebrate Id-ul-Fitr.
True.
This is what makes Id-ul-Fitr special for Muslims.
True or False?
The celebrations for Id-ul-Fitr are completely different from those for Id-ul-Adha.
False.
The celebrations are similar: at both, Muslims go to the mosque for special prayers and a sermon and exchange cards and gifts.
At Id-ul-Fitr, Muslims wear new clothes and __________ their homes.
At Id-ul-Fitr, Muslims wear new clothes and decorate their homes.
What does the head of each household do at Id-ul-Fitr?
The head of each household makes a donation to charity on behalf of the household, so that the needy are not left out.
What do Muslims thank Allah for at Id-ul-Fitr?
Muslims thank Allah for everything in their lives and for the blessings they received during their period of fasting.
Why are both Ids important for Muslim communities?
Both Ids bring families and the community together and unite everyone.
Define Id-ul-Ghadeer.
Id-ul-Ghadeer is a Shi’a festival that marks the time the Prophet Muhammad declared Imam Ali his successor.
Shi’a Muslims celebrate Id-ul-Ghadeer on the 18th of Dhu al-Hijjah, eight days after Id-ul-____.
Shi’a Muslims celebrate Id-ul-Ghadeer on the 18th of Dhu al-Hijjah, eight days after Id-ul-Adha.
Why does Id-ul-Ghadeer take its name from Ghadeer?
Ghadeer is the pond where the declaration took place.
True or False?
Sunni and Shi’a Muslims both celebrate Id-ul-Ghadeer.
False.
Sunni Muslims do not celebrate Id-ul-Ghadeer, as they do not believe that Imam Ali was Muhammad’s successor.
According to the Hadith, what did Muhammad say about Ali at Ghadeer?
The Hadith records Muhammad’s words: "For whoever I was regarded as leader, Ali will be the leader".
Which words of the Qur’an do Shi’a Muslims believe the Ghadeer announcement fulfils?
Shi’a Muslims believe it fulfils "Today I have perfected your religion for you, completed My blessing upon you, and chosen as your religion Islam" (Surah 5:3).
How do Shi’a Muslims mark Id-ul-Ghadeer?
Shi’a Muslims mark Id-ul-Ghadeer with a fast and gather at the mosque for prayer, poetry and a speech.
Shi’a Muslims call Id-ul-Ghadeer, a time of great joy, the "__________ Id".
Shi’a Muslims call Id-ul-Ghadeer, a time of great joy, the "greatest Id".
Define Ashura.
For Shi’a Muslims, Ashura is a festival that commemorates the martyrdom of Husayn (Hussain), grandson of the Prophet Muhammad and son of Ali.
Why did Husayn and his family lose their lives?
Husayn would not swear allegiance to Yazid, a leader who was oppressing his people and going against the teachings of Islam.
Ashura falls on the 10th of __________, the first month of the Islamic calendar.
Ashura falls on the 10th of Muharram, the first month of the Islamic calendar.
How do Shi’a Muslims use the mosque in the lead-up to Ashura?
Shi’a Muslims gather each night at a mosque draped in black.
True or False?
For Shi’a Muslims, Ashura is a joyful festival with music.
False.
Ashura is a solemn occasion with ten days of mourning before it, and no music is allowed.
What do speeches and plays at Ashura remember?
They remember the sacrifice of Husayn and the need to fight for justice.
Where do some Shi’a Muslims go on pilgrimage for Ashura?
Some Shi’a Muslims go on pilgrimage to Karbala in Iraq to visit the shrine of Husayn.
How may Muslims in the UK remember Husayn at Ashura?
Muslims in the UK may donate blood to the NHS to remember Husayn.
What do Sunni Muslims remember at Ashura?
Sunni Muslims remember the day that Musa (Moses) and the Israelites escaped from the Pharaoh in Egypt.
True or False?
Sunni Muslims fast for ten days at Ashura.
False.
Sunni Muslims undertake a two-day fast at Ashura, as the Prophet Muhammad suggested.
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