In an event-driven program, what determines the order in which code runs?
The alphabetical order of the variable names
The events that occur, such as user actions
The total number of lines in the program
A fixed top-to-bottom sequence that never changes
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A section of code that runs in response to a specific event being detected is called a(n):
Parameter
Event
Event handler
Output
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In a media player, a user drags a slider to set the playback volume. What is the input?
The media player application itself
The slider control on screen
The sound produced by the speakers
The volume value the user selects
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A program reads yesterday's sales totals from a saved spreadsheet on the computer. Which input source category is this?
File input
Sensor input
Network input
User input
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Consider the following code segment.
count ← 3
total ← count * 10
count ← 8
DISPLAY(total)What value is displayed?
80
30
13
18
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A handheld game controller vibrates when the player loses a life. This vibration is an example of which type of output?
Auditory output
Visual output
Tactile output
Input
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Why can reordering two statements change a program's output, even when each statement is correct on its own?
Because output is decided before the program runs
Because the computer runs statements in a random order
Because reordering changes the program's comments
Because a later statement may depend on a value produced by an earlier one
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A team is asked to build software for a problem that is not well understood, so they experiment with several different approaches to discover a workable solution. Which development methodology does this describe?
Exploratory
Sequential
Iterative
Incremental
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Which situation is best suited to a sequential development methodology?
The requirements are expected to change frequently
The requirements are well-defined and unlikely to change
The problem is poorly understood at the start
Constant user feedback is needed throughout
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A developer releases a working app, then in each later release adds one new, separately testable feature — first messaging, then photo upload, then notifications. This is best described as:
Sequential development
Iterative development
Incremental development
Exploratory development
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Which two statements about iterative and incremental development are true? Select two answers.
Iterative development refines the whole program through repeated build-test-improve cycles
Iterative development means adding features one at a time
A program can only ever use one of the two, never both
Incremental development adds new functionality one testable piece at a time
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What is the main goal of requirements gathering?
To advertise the finished program to users
To write the final program code
To fix bugs after the program is released
To understand what users need before development begins
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A developer watches shoppers use a self-checkout machine and notes where they hesitate or make mistakes. Which requirements-gathering method is this?
Observation
Survey
Interview
Brainstorming
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What is the difference between a program's specification and its plan?
The specification defines how the program is built; the plan defines what it must do
The specification defines what the program must do; the plan defines how and when it will be built
They are two names for the same document
The specification is the code; the plan is the comments
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Before coding a shopping app, a designer sketches each screen the user will move through, from the main menu to the checkout. Which design activity is this?
Brainstorming
Modularity
Storyboarding
Debugging
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Which of the following is a design activity carried out before writing code?
Releasing the app to users
Running test cases on the finished program
Fixing a syntax error reported by the editor
Drawing a diagram of how data will flow through the program
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What happens to comments when a program is executed?
They are ignored by the computer
They are displayed to the user
They make the program run faster
They are converted into executable code
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Why is it important to keep a program's documentation up to date?
Documentation determines how fast the program runs
Outdated documentation can mislead developers more than having none at all
A program will not run unless its comments are current
Up-to-date documentation removes all bugs from the program
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A program works correctly on a modern desktop but fails on an older phone that has very little available memory. This is best described as:
A logic error
A syntax error
An environment limitation
Missing code attribution
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What is code attribution?
Testing code with boundary inputs
Rewriting code so that it runs faster
Deleting any code that is no longer used
Acknowledging the original author or source of code that has been reused or adapted
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A student finds a function in an online tutorial and changes several of its lines before adding it to their project. Do they need to attribute it?
Yes — attribution is required even when the code has been modified
No — modifying the code makes it entirely their own
No — only exact copies of code need attribution
No — code found online is always free to use without credit
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Which two pieces of information should a complete code attribution include? Select two answers.
The program's expected output
The name of the original author
The source or location where the code was found
The number of lines that were reused
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A team builds a first working version of a weather app, tests it with users, uses the feedback to redesign parts of it, then builds an improved version, repeating this process several times. Compared with building the entire finished app in a single pass, what is the main advantage of this iterative approach?
The final program is guaranteed to contain no errors
The program will always be completed faster than with any other approach
Errors and design problems are found early, reducing the cost of fixing them later
Requirements no longer need to be investigated before coding begins
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A team has finished investigating its users and has written a specification listing everything their app must do. In the design phase that follows, what is the team's main task?
Deciding how the program will be structured to meet the specification
Deciding what features users want the program to have
Writing and debugging the final program code
Advertising the completed program to potential users
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A programmer reuses a function from an open-source library in a project. Where should the attribution for that code normally be placed?
Only in a separate document that the program's users never see
In the program's on-screen output each time it runs
It does not need attribution as long as the library is open-source
In a comment within the code, near the section that was reused
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