Which of the following is the main advantage of using the simulation rather than testing each light timing at the real intersection?
It lets the team try many timings quickly and cheaply without disrupting real traffic
It guarantees the chosen timing will be perfect in the real world
It removes the need to ever change the real traffic lights
It proves that traffic jams can never occur
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The simulation ignores weather, road works, and individual driver behaviour. This is best described as an example of:
abstraction — modelling only the features relevant to the purpose
iteration — repeating the simulation many times
an infinite loop
a syntax error in the simulation
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The team runs the simulation thousands of times. Which statement is correct?
Running it more times cannot fix inaccurate assumptions built into the model
Running it more times guarantees the results exactly match reality
More runs remove the need for the model to be accurate
More runs make the simulation stop using RANDOM
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Which of the following best describes a computer simulation?
A program that stores large amounts of data in a structured, searchable form
A program that connects multiple computers together so they can share resources
A program that models a real-world object or process using simplified representations
A program that translates high-level source code into machine code
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A car manufacturer uses a computer simulation to model how a new vehicle behaves in a collision. What is the main advantage of using a simulation instead of crashing real vehicles?
It guarantees the real car will never be damaged in an actual crash
It removes the need to ever build a physical car
It proves that the car is completely safe in every possible collision
It lets engineers test many collision scenarios without the cost and danger of wrecking real vehicles
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A researcher builds a simulation of how a disease spreads through a population and uses RANDOM to decide whether each contact between two people results in an infection.
Why is RANDOM used in this simulation?
To make the simulation run faster than a real experiment would
To model the unpredictable, variable nature of real-world infection so repeated runs show a range of outcomes
To guarantee that the same outcome occurs every time the simulation is run
To remove the need for any assumptions in the model
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A flight-training simulation models an aircraft's controls and instruments but does not model rare mechanical failures such as an engine part breaking mid-flight.
Which statement best describes this?
The simulation is a simplified model and cannot capture every real-world detail
The simulation contains a syntax error that prevents failures from being modelled
The simulation will produce exactly the same outcome as a real flight
The simulation is useless because it does not model every possible event
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An election-prediction simulation is built using survey data collected only from voters in a single city. The simulation is then run millions of times.
Which statement is correct?
Running the simulation millions of times will correct the unrepresentative data
The results will be biased because the underlying data does not represent the whole population, no matter how many times it runs
The simulation must be accurate because it uses RANDOM values
The large number of runs guarantees that the prediction is accurate
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Two teams model the same ecosystem. Team X runs a very simple model 10,000 times, while Team Y runs a model that includes more of the relevant real-world variables but runs it only 100 times.
Which factor is most likely to make a simulation's results more representative of the real world?
Including the relevant real-world variables and accurate assumptions in the model
Simply increasing the number of times the simulation is run
Removing all use of RANDOM from the simulation
Making the program's code shorter so that it runs faster
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