The Recovery of Weimar Germany (AQA GCSE History: The Period Study (Paper 1: Section A)): Flashcards
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Define Gustav Stresemann.
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Define Gustav Stresemann.
Gustav Stresemann was the Chancellor of Germany in August 1923, a nationalist who initially disliked the Weimar Republic but later helped stabilise it.
What political party did Stresemann establish?
Stresemann established the DVP (People’s Party), a moderate right political group.
Name one of Stresemann’s three main aims as Chancellor.
One of Stresemann’s main aims as Chancellor was to bring inflation under control.
In November 1923, Stresemann created a new currency called the .
In November 1923, Stresemann created a new currency called the Rentenmark.
What was the gold standard in relation to the Rentenmark?
The gold standard meant that the value of the Rentenmark was tied to the price of gold, making it trusted by foreign countries.
What was the new name for the Rentenmark after August 1924?
After August 1924, the Rentenmark was renamed the Reichsmark.
Who created the Dawes Plan?
The Dawes Plan was created by Charles G. Dawes, an American banker.
The Dawes Plan temporarily reduced reparations to a year.
The Dawes Plan temporarily reduced reparations to £50 million a year.
How did the Dawes Plan help German industry?
The Dawes Plan guaranteed US bank loans for German industry, which helped boost industrial output and trade.
Who led the committee that created the Young Plan?
The Young Plan committee was led by Owen Young, an American banker.
The Young Plan reduced the total reparations bill from £6.6 billion to .
The Young Plan reduced the total reparations bill from £6.6 billion to £2 billion.
True or False?
The Young Plan made German citizens pay higher taxes.
False.
The Young Plan allowed the government to lower taxes on German citizens.
What evidence suggests that support for extremist parties fell between 1924 and 1929?
In the May 1928 elections, the Nazi Party only gained 12 seats in the Reichstag, showing reduced support for extremists.
Between 1924 and 1929, there were coalition governments in Germany.
Between 1924 and 1929, there were six coalition governments in Germany.
True or False?
There were no political assassinations in Germany between 1924 and 1929.
True.
There were no political assassinations in Germany in this period, indicating increased political stability.
Define Kellogg-Briand Pact.
The Kellogg-Briand Pact was an agreement signed in 1928 by Germany, the USA, and 61 other nations, promising that war would never be used to settle disputes between countries.
The Kellogg-Briand Pact was signed on , with other countries joining Germany and the USA.
The Kellogg-Briand Pact was signed on 27th August 1928, with 61 other countries joining Germany and the USA.
What key principle did the Kellogg-Briand Pact establish regarding international disputes?
The Kellogg-Briand Pact established that war should never be used as a means to resolve disputes between countries.
True or False?
The Kellogg-Briand Pact removed all of Germany’s military restrictions imposed by the Treaty of Versailles.
False.
The Kellogg-Briand Pact did not remove any military restrictions from the Treaty of Versailles, which disappointed and angered many Germans.
Why was Germany originally banned from joining the League of Nations?
Germany was banned from joining the League of Nations by the Treaty of Versailles because France's leader Clemenceau wanted revenge and blamed Germany for starting World War I.
Germany was accepted as a member of the League of Nations in .
Germany was accepted as a member of the League of Nations in September 1926.
Name one positive impact on Germany of joining the League of Nations.
Joining the League of Nations boosted German citizens’ confidence in the Weimar Republic or increased support for moderate parties.
What were the Locarno Treaties and who signed them?
The Locarno Treaties were a series of agreements signed in 1925 between Germany, Britain, France, Italy, and Belgium to maintain peace in Europe.
The Locarno Treaties were agreed in in the country of .
The Locarno Treaties were agreed in 1925 in the country of Switzerland.
True or False?
The Locarno Treaties led to Gustav Stresemann and Aristide Briand winning the Nobel Prize in 1926.
True.
Stresemann and Briand were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1926 for their work on the Locarno Treaties.
Define political recovery in the context of the Weimar Republic.
In the context of the Weimar Republic, political recovery means a period when support for extremist parties fell, political violence decreased, and Germany became a more respected power in Europe.
In the May elections, the Nazi Party only gained seats in the Reichstag.
In the May 1928 elections, the Nazi Party only gained 12 seats in the Reichstag.
Define Weimar Cinema.
Weimar Cinema refers to the film industry in Germany during the Weimar Republic, known for its creativity, technological innovation, and influential films of the 1920s.
Which three key films represent Weimar Cinema?
The three key films that represent Weimar Cinema are The Cabinet of Doctor Caligari, Nosferatu, and Metropolis.
By , there were about cinemas across Germany.
By 1929, there were about 500 cinemas across Germany.
In what year did films with sound (‘talkies’) become available in Germany?
Films with sound, known as ‘talkies’, became available in Germany in 1927.
Who directed The Cabinet of Doctor Caligari and what innovation is it known for?
Robert Wiene directed The Cabinet of Doctor Caligari, which is known for having the first ‘plot twist’ ending in cinema history.
Define liberalism in Weimar Germany.
Liberalism in Weimar Germany was a movement towards greater personal freedom and openness, especially in Berlin, with more acceptance of diverse lifestyles such as homosexuality, cross-dressing, and public expression.
Many people embraced liberalism in Weimar Germany, while people saw it as a moral decline.
Many young people embraced liberalism in Weimar Germany, while older people saw it as a moral decline.
Who was the ‘New Woman’ in Weimar Germany?
The ‘New Woman’ in Weimar Germany was a symbol of greater political, economic, and social freedom for women after World War I, allowing them to vote, work, and express themselves more freely.
The ‘New Woman’ could her hair, wear more , and focus on her rather than family.
The ‘New Woman’ could cut her hair, wear more makeup, and focus on her career rather than family.
Define cabaret in the context of Weimar Germany.
Cabaret was a form of entertainment combining music, dance, comedy, and theatre often focusing on sexual and political themes, popular in Weimar-era nightclubs and restaurants.
Which two types of music became particularly popular among young people in Weimar Germany?
Jazz and cabaret became particularly popular among young people in Weimar Germany.
True or False?
Jazz was welcomed by all groups in German society during the Weimar period.
False.
Jazz was popular with young people, but it was criticised by conservatives and extremists who saw it as ‘non-German’ and associated with black and American culture.
What is expressionism in Weimar art?
Expressionism in Weimar art was a style that used grotesque or exaggerated figures and violent scenes to provoke emotion and encourage viewers to question society.
The movement, founded by Walter Gropius, used geometric shapes to create buildings.
The Bauhaus movement, founded by Walter Gropius, used geometric shapes to create practical buildings.
What made ‘Zeitoper’ different from traditional opera in Weimar Germany?
‘Zeitoper’ incorporated modern technology, satire, and comedy to make opera more accessible, differing from traditional opera styles.
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