The Periodic Table (AQA GCSE Combined Science: Synergy: Physical Sciences): Exam Questions

This question is about the periodic table.

The halogens are in Group 7 of the periodic table.

Explain the trend in reactivity going down Group 7.

Explain how the electronic structure of calcium relates to calcium reacting as a metal.

Rubidium has an atomic number of 37.

Complete the equation for the reaction of rubidium with water.

You should balance the equation.

Use the periodic table.

$\text{\_\_\_}\mathrm{Rb}+\text{\_\_\_}{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\to \text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_}+\text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_}$

A teacher demonstrates the reaction of potassium with water.

Give two observations seen when potassium reacts with water.

This question is about Group 7 elements.

Figure 2 shows some Group 7 elements in the periodic table.

What is the name of the Group 7 elements?

Tick (✓) one box.

Which element in Figure 2 has the highest melting point?

A fluorine atom has 9 electrons.

What is the electronic structure of a fluorine atom?

Tick (✓) one box.

Name the compound produced when potassium reacts with iodine.

A less reactive Group 7 element can be displaced from an aqueous solution of its salt by a more reactive Group 7 element.

Complete Table 2 to show if a reaction occurs when the element is added to the aqueous solution.

Use:

• ✓ where a reaction occurs

• ✗ where there is no reaction

Table 2

This question is about the periodic table and the elements in Group 0.

Complete the sentence.

Choose the answer from the box.

The elements in the periodic table are arranged in order of _.

Which electronic structure represents an atom of an element in Group 0?

Tick (✓) one box.

Which is a property of the elements in Group 0?

Tick (✓) one box.

Table 1 shows the relative atomic masses (Aᵣ) and the boiling points of some elements in Group 0.

Table 1

What is the state of the elements in Group 0 at room temperature?

Use Table 1.

Complete the sentence.

Use Table 1.

The boiling points of elements in Group 0 increase as the relative atomic masses .

What is value X in Table 1?

Tick (✓) one box.

Identify element Z in Table 1.

Use the periodic table.

This question is about groups in the periodic table.

What name is given to the Group 0 elements?

Explain the reactivity of the Group 0 elements.

Describe the relationship between relative atomic mass and boiling point for the elements in Group 0.

Fluorine is an element in Group 7.

Complete Figure 5 to represent the electronic structure of fluorine.

Figure 5

Which is a correct statement about the elements in Group 7?

Tick (✓) one box.

The elements in Group 1 react with water.

Give two observations you would see when a small piece of lithium is added to water.

Lithium reacts with water less vigorously than sodium reacts with water.

Explain why lithium is less reactive than sodium.

The elements in the periodic table are arranged in groups.

What is similar about the elements in the same group?

Tick (✓) one box.

Figure 2 shows the arrangement of electrons in an atom.

Figure 2

What group of the periodic table is this atom in?

Group _________

Why are the elements in Group 0 unreactive?

Tick (✓) one box.

A teacher demonstrates the reaction of some alkali metals with water.

Look at Figure 3.

Figure 3

The students write what they see:

1. The alkali metals float on water.

2. The alkali metals fizz when they react with water.

3. The universal indicator changes from green to purple.

4. The sodium disappears faster than the lithium.

Give a reason for each of the four things that the students see.

1. The alkali metals float on water.

Reason: __________________________________

2. The alkali metals fizz when they react with water.

Reason: _____________________________________

3. The universal indicator changes from green to purple.

Reason: __________________________________

4. The sodium disappears faster than the lithium.

Reason: ____________________________________

Table 2 shows information about some elements.

Table 2

Look at Table 2.

Describe the trend in melting point from fluorine to astatine.

Estimate the boiling point of astatine.

Use Table 2 to help you.

Boiling point of astatine = ________________ °C

Room temperature is 20 °C.

Which element in Table 2 is a liquid at room temperature?

To which group of the periodic table do the elements in Table 2 belong?

Tick (✓) one box.

A chlorine atom has 17 electrons.

On Figure 2 , use crosses (×) to show the arrangement of electrons in the outer shell of a chlorine atom.

Figure 2

Chlorine reacts with sodium bromide solution to produce bromine and sodium chloride solution.

Complete the symbol equation for the reaction.

________Cl₂ + ______NaBr → + ___________ + __________

Which element in Table 2 will react with sodium chloride solution?

Give a reason for your answer.

In 1869 there were 60 known elements.

Mendeleev arranged the elements in order of their atomic mass (atomic weight).

He realised that elements with similar properties occurred at regular intervals.

Suggest why one of the groups that is on today's periodic table was not in Mendeleev's periodic system.

Explain the arrangement of the first 20 elements in today's periodic table.

You should answer in terms of atomic structure.

A student put some potassium bromide solution in a test tube.

She added a few drops of chlorine solution and observed the result.

She repeated the process using different potassium halide salts and different halogens.

Table 2 shows the student's results.

Table 2

Give the order of reactivity of the halogens from the results in Table 2.

Explain how you used the results to show this order of reactivity.

Order: ____________________________________________

Explanation: ____________________________________

Write a balanced ionic equation for the reaction of chlorine with bromide ions in solution.

Explain the order of reactivity of Group 7 elements.

Include information about atomic structure.

The elements in Group 1 of the periodic table are metals.

The elements in Group 1 are called the alkali metals.

Why are they called the alkali metals?

Explain the increase in reactivity of elements further down the group.