Citizen Science (HL IB Environmental Systems & Societies (ESS))

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Biology & Environmental Systems and Societies

Citizen science involves members of the public participating in scientific research projects, contributing data, observations, or resources
Citizen science has the potential to play a very important role in monitoring Earth systems and assessing whether resources are being used sustainably

Local relevance:
- Citizen science projects are often used to gather data relevant to local environmental issues and conditions
  - For example, the UK's Open Air Laboratories (OPAL) network engages citizens in monitoring air and water quality, biodiversity and climate change impacts in their local areas
Global impact:
- Data collected through citizen science initiatives can also contribute significantly to research on more global-scale environmental issues
  - For example, the Global Learning and Observation to Benefit the Environment (GLOBE) Programme involves students and citizens worldwide in collecting and sharing environmental data, contributing to our understanding of global climate patterns

Complementing professional research:
- Citizen science projects can complement traditional scientific research by engaging a larger pool of participants and increasing data collection capacity
  - For example, the UK Ladybird Survey uses citizen scientists from across England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland to monitor ladybird populations, aiding researchers in studying the impact of invasive species and climate change on native biodiversity
Diverse data collection:
- Citizen scientists provide valuable insights due to their varied backgrounds, locations and perspectives, contributing to more comprehensive datasets
  - For example, the UK "Bioblitz" events bring together scientists and the public to survey and record species in specific areas, enhancing our understanding of local biodiversity
Some other examples of citizen science projects include the following:

UK Citizen Science Projects

Citizen Science Project	Description
The Big Garden Birdwatch	An annual citizen science event in the UK where participants observe and record bird species visiting their gardens, helping monitor bird populations and inform conservation efforts
The National Bumblebee Monitoring Scheme	Citizen scientists in the UK contribute data on bumblebee sightings and abundance, aiding researchers in understanding the threats facing these important pollinators
Project Bud Burst	Citizens observe and record plant phenology to study the impact of climate change on ecosystems
The Big Butterfly Count	An annual event where volunteers across the UK record butterfly sightings to monitor changes in butterfly populations

to absolutely everything:

the (exam) results speak for themselves:

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