Détente (AQA GCSE History: Wider World Depth Study (Paper 1: Section B)): Flashcards
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Define détente.
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Define détente.
Détente was a relaxation of tensions and a period of better relations between hostile countries.
From which language does 'détente' come, and what does it mean?
'Détente' comes from French, meaning 'relaxation'.
What was the Sino-Soviet Split?
The Sino-Soviet Split was the growing hostility between China and the USSR during the 1960s.
How did the Sino-Soviet Split encourage détente?
The Sino-Soviet Split encouraged détente because a divided communist world left the USSR keener to improve relations with the USA.
Which US President became the first to visit China, in 1972?
The first US President to visit China, in 1972, was Richard Nixon.
Over American soldiers died in the Vietnam War.
Over 58,000 American soldiers died in the Vietnam War.
How did the Vietnam War encourage US détente?
The Vietnam War encouraged US détente because its cost and unpopularity made the USA more cautious and keen on diplomacy.
True or False?
By 1967 the USA had far more nuclear warheads than the USSR.
True.
About 31,255 to the USSR's 8,400.
How did fear of nuclear war (after the Cuban Missile Crisis) push détente?
Fear of nuclear war (after the Cuban Missile Crisis) pushed détente because both sides made controlling the arms race a top priority.
By the 1970s the USSR was spending about % of its GDP on defence.
By the 1970s the USSR was spending about 20% of its GDP on defence.
Why did economic problems push the USSR towards détente?
Economic problems pushed the USSR towards détente because it needed to cut military spending and gain access to Western trade and technology.
Why did economic problems push the USA towards détente?
Economic problems pushed the USA towards détente because after Vietnam it faced debt and inflation and wanted to cut military spending.
Define SALT.
SALT was the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty, an attempt to limit the number and types of nuclear weapons.
On what date was SALT I signed?
SALT I was signed on 26 May 1972.
Which two countries signed SALT I?
SALT I was signed by the USA and the Soviet Union.
What did the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty part of SALT I limit each side to?
The Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty part of SALT I limited each side to 100 ABMs across two sites.
True or False?
SALT I reduced the number of nuclear weapons each side had.
False.
It limited (froze) numbers rather than cutting them.
Give one strength of SALT I.
One strength of SALT I was that it was the first genuine attempt to slow the arms race and showed the superpowers could cooperate.
SALT I did not restrict new technology such as , missiles carrying multiple warheads.
SALT I did not restrict new technology such as MIRVs, missiles carrying multiple warheads.
Which wider policy was SALT I seen as a success for?
SALT I was seen as a success for détente.
What was the 'Basic Principles Agreement' within SALT I?
The Basic Principles Agreement within SALT I was an agreement to take steps to avoid nuclear war and set rules for future conflict.
Why did SALT I not fully end the arms race?
SALT I did not fully end the arms race because both sides kept developing nuclear technology not covered by the treaty.
SALT talks between the superpowers began in November .
SALT talks between the superpowers began in November 1969.
Give one weakness of SALT I.
One weakness of SALT I was that it failed to cover MIRVs, and the Basic Principles Agreement was unrealistic in a real nuclear war.
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