The 'Thaw' in Cold War Tensions (AQA GCSE History: Wider World Depth Study (Paper 1: Section B)): Flashcards
Exam code: 8145
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Who was Hungary's brutal communist leader before the 1956 uprising?
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Cards in this collection (25)
Who was Hungary's brutal communist leader before the 1956 uprising?
Hungary's brutal communist leader before the 1956 uprising was Mátyás Rákosi.
Which Soviet leader's 'de-Stalinisation' gave Hungarians hope of reform?
The Soviet leader whose 'de-Stalinisation' gave Hungarians hope of reform was Nikita Khrushchev.
Whom did Khrushchev appoint as Hungary's reforming Prime Minister in 1956?
Khrushchev appointed Imre Nagy as Hungary's reforming Prime Minister in 1956.
Name one reform Nagy proposed.
One reform Nagy proposed was leaving the Warsaw Pact (also free elections, releasing political prisoners, removing Soviet troops).
On 1 November 1956, Nagy announced Hungary would leave the Pact.
On 1 November 1956, Nagy announced Hungary would leave the Warsaw Pact.
Why couldn't Khrushchev accept Hungary leaving the Warsaw Pact?
Khrushchev couldn't accept Hungary leaving the Warsaw Pact because it might prompt other satellite states to break away and weaken Soviet security.
How did Khrushchev crush the uprising on 4 November 1956?
On 4 November 1956, Khrushchev crushed the uprising by sending an invasion force of Soviet tanks into Hungary.
Roughly how many Hungarians did the Soviet invasion kill?
The Soviet invasion killed about 20,000 Hungarians.
What happened to Imre Nagy after the uprising?
After the uprising, Imre Nagy was kidnapped by Soviet spies and executed (announced 1958).
True or False?
The USA gave Nagy military support against the USSR.
False.
Eisenhower chose not to, to avoid risking nuclear war.
Which US-funded radio station had encouraged Eastern Europeans to rise up?
The US-funded radio station that had encouraged Eastern Europeans to rise up was Radio Free Europe.
How did the uprising damage the USA's reputation?
The uprising damaged the USA's reputation because it showed the USA would not back its anti-communist words with action.
Khrushchev installed a new, loyal communist leader in Hungary named János .
Khrushchev installed a new, loyal communist leader in Hungary named János Kádár.
What was a U-2?
A U-2 was an American high-altitude spy plane used by the CIA to photograph enemy countries.
In May 1960, what did the USSR do to an American U-2 plane?
In May 1960, the USSR shot down an American U-2 plane over Soviet territory.
Who was the captured U-2 pilot?
The captured U-2 pilot was Gary Powers.
True or False?
Eisenhower immediately admitted the U-2 was a spy plane.
False.
He first claimed it was a weather plane that had drifted off course.
Captured pilot Gary Powers was sentenced to years in prison.
Captured pilot Gary Powers was sentenced to ten years in prison.
Which 1960 summit collapsed because of the U-2 incident?
The Paris Peace Summit collapsed because of the U-2 incident in 1960.
What did Khrushchev demand from Eisenhower at the summit?
At the summit, Khrushchev demanded an official apology for the spying from Eisenhower.
How did the Paris Summit end?
The Paris Summit ended when Eisenhower refused to apologise, so Khrushchev walked out with no agreements made.
Name one issue the Paris Summit had hoped to resolve.
One issue the Paris Summit had hoped to resolve was the future of Berlin (also disarmament and East–West relations).
How did the U-2 Crisis affect superpower relations?
The U-2 Crisis deepened mistrust and left relations worse for Eisenhower's successor, Kennedy.
American couple Julius and Ethel were executed in 1953 for passing atomic secrets to the USSR.
American couple Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were executed in 1953 for passing atomic secrets to the USSR.
What was McCarthyism?
McCarthyism was Senator McCarthy's campaign of accusing people of being communists, often with no evidence (the 'Red Scare').
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