Czechoslovakia & the Cold War (AQA GCSE History: Wider World Depth Study (Paper 1: Section B)): Flashcards
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In which year did communism come to Czechoslovakia via a Soviet-backed coup?
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Cards in this collection (36)
In which year did communism come to Czechoslovakia via a Soviet-backed coup?
Communism came to Czechoslovakia via a Soviet-backed coup in 1948.
What made life hard under communist Czechoslovakia?
Life was hard under communist Czechoslovakia because Five Year Plans set impossible targets; workers were poorly paid, with low living standards.
What was the 'Prague Spring'?
The 'Prague Spring' was a period of reform in Czechoslovakia from April 1968.
The 'Prague Spring' is named after Prague, the capital of .
The 'Prague Spring' is named after Prague, the capital of Czechoslovakia.
Who became First Secretary of Czechoslovakia in 1968 and led the reforms?
Alexander Dubcek became First Secretary of Czechoslovakia in 1968 and led the reforms.
True or False?
Dubcek wanted Czechoslovakia to leave communism entirely.
False.
He was a committed communist who upheld the Warsaw Pact.
Define 'Socialism with a human face'.
'Socialism with a human face' was Dubcek's idea of a communism that let people speak freely and enjoy a better life.
Name one of Dubcek's Prague Spring reforms.
One of Dubcek's Prague Spring reforms was relaxing censorship (also freedom to criticise the government, more trade with the West, travel abroad).
How did the Czech public react to the reforms?
The Czech public reacted to the reforms positively.
Why did the Soviet Union dislike Dubcek's reforms?
The Soviet Union disliked Dubcek's reforms because Brezhnev feared they would spread and encourage other satellite states to reform.
Which two communist countries had already broken from tight Soviet control?
The two communist countries that had already broken from tight Soviet control were Yugoslavia and Romania.
The Soviet leader who opposed the reforms, having ousted Khrushchev, was Leonid .
The Soviet leader who opposed the reforms, having ousted Khrushchev, was Leonid Brezhnev.
Who did Brezhnev replace as Soviet leader in 1964?
Brezhnev replaced Nikita Khrushchev as Soviet leader in 1964.
How is Brezhnev's leadership style described?
Brezhnev's leadership style is described as authoritarian, similar to Stalin.
Why did Brezhnev decide to crush the Prague Spring?
Brezhnev decided to crush the Prague Spring because he feared Dubcek's reforms threatened Soviet control and the Warsaw Pact.
What alarmed Brezhnev about Dubcek's contacts?
What alarmed Brezhnev about Dubcek's contacts was that Dubcek held talks with the leaders of Romania and Yugoslavia.
In which month and year did Warsaw Pact troops invade Czechoslovakia?
Warsaw Pact troops invaded Czechoslovakia in August 1968.
About Warsaw Pact troops invaded Czechoslovakia.
About 500,000 Warsaw Pact troops invaded Czechoslovakia.
True or False?
The Czech public fought the Soviet troops with weapons.
False.
They protested peacefully, e.g. standing in front of tanks.
Which student protester burned himself to death in Prague?
The student protester who burned himself to death in Prague was Jan Palach.
What happened to Dubcek after the invasion?
After the invasion, Dubcek was arrested, taken to Moscow, and later replaced by Husák.
How did the USA react to the Soviet invasion?
The USA reacted to the Soviet invasion by strongly protesting but taking no military action.
Why did the USA not act militarily over Czechoslovakia?
The USA did not act militarily over Czechoslovakia because it was tied up in the costly Vietnam War and wanted better relations (détente).
The invasion of Czechoslovakia led Brezhnev to publish the Doctrine in September 1968.
The invasion of Czechoslovakia led Brezhnev to publish the Brezhnev Doctrine in September 1968.
Define a doctrine.
A doctrine is a set of beliefs or a philosophy about an issue.
What event led Brezhnev to introduce his doctrine?
The event that led Brezhnev to introduce his doctrine was the Soviet suppression of the Prague Spring in Czechoslovakia (1968).
In which newspaper did Brezhnev publish his doctrine on 26 September 1968?
Brezhnev published his doctrine on 26 September 1968 in the newspaper Pravda.
What was the core idea of the Brezhnev Doctrine?
The core idea of the Brezhnev Doctrine was that the USSR could intervene in any communist country that tried to reform or abandon communism.
The doctrine said reform in one communist country would damage everywhere.
The doctrine said reform in one communist country would damage communism everywhere.
Which alliance did the Brezhnev Doctrine tighten?
The Brezhnev Doctrine tightened the Warsaw Pact.
True or False?
All communist states welcomed the Brezhnev Doctrine.
False.
Yugoslavia and Romania condemned it, and the French and Italian communist parties cut links.
How did pro-Soviet leaders (e.g. in East Germany and Poland) use the doctrine?
Pro-Soviet leaders (e.g. in East Germany and Poland) used the doctrine to suppress protest, with extreme consequences for dissent.
How did the Brezhnev Doctrine affect the West?
The Brezhnev Doctrine affected the West by reinforcing Soviet power in Eastern Europe and alarming Western powers.
How did the doctrine push the USA towards détente?
The doctrine pushed the USA towards détente because, fearing Soviet power, the USA sought friendlier relations rather than conflict.
Which reform movement's suppression prompted the doctrine?
The reform movement whose suppression prompted the doctrine was the Prague Spring.
Brezhnev had assumed sole leadership of the USSR in .
Brezhnev had assumed sole leadership of the USSR in 1966.
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