Military Rivalries in the Cold War (AQA GCSE History: Wider World Depth Study (Paper 1: Section B)): Flashcards
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Define NATO.
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Cards in this collection (49)
Define NATO.
NATO was the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, a Western military alliance established in 1949.
In which month and year was NATO created?
NATO was created in April 1949.
Which two events were the tipping point that convinced the Western powers to form NATO?
The two events that were the tipping point convincing the Western powers to form NATO were the Berlin Crisis and the communist takeover in Czechoslovakia.
NATO was established in 1949 with members.
NATO was established in 1949 with 12 members.
Define collective security.
Collective security was the principle that if one NATO member is attacked, all members would defend it.
What was NATO created to counter in Eastern Europe?
NATO was created to counter the presence of the huge Red Army in Eastern Europe.
True or False?
Under NATO, if one member was attacked, all members would defend it.
True.
Under NATO, if one member was attacked, all members would defend it.
What did NATO show about the change in US foreign policy?
NATO showed that the change in US foreign policy meant the USA was now officially prepared to use its military in Europe.
In which year did the Soviet Union create its own military alliance in response to NATO?
The Soviet Union created its own military alliance in response to NATO in 1955.
What was the name of the Soviet military alliance created in response to NATO?
The Soviet military alliance created in response to NATO was the Warsaw Pact.
After NATO, Europe was divided by ideology and by two rival forces prepared for conflict.
After NATO, Europe was divided by ideology and by two rival military forces prepared for conflict.
Which two Soviet organisations had convinced Truman that the USSR sought to spread communism?
The two Soviet organisations that had convinced Truman the USSR sought to spread communism were Cominform and Comecon.
In which month and year was the Warsaw Pact created?
The Warsaw Pact was created in May 1955.
Which event prompted the creation of the Warsaw Pact?
The event that prompted the creation of the Warsaw Pact was West Germany joining NATO.
Define the Warsaw Pact.
The Warsaw Pact was a military alliance of Eastern Bloc countries based on collective security, under the command of the Soviet Union.
Which country was in command of the Warsaw Pact?
The country in command of the Warsaw Pact was the Soviet Union.
The Warsaw Pact was based on 'Collective Security', meaning if one member was attacked, all members would it.
The Warsaw Pact was based on 'Collective Security', meaning if one member was attacked, all members would defend it.
True or False?
The Warsaw Pact was made up of countries of the 'Eastern Bloc'.
True.
The Warsaw Pact was made up of countries of the 'Eastern Bloc'.
What was one aim of the Warsaw Pact regarding the USA and its allies?
One aim of the Warsaw Pact regarding the USA and its allies was to protect against a possible attack by the USA or its NATO allies.
Which two rival military alliances confirmed the separation of Europe into two groups?
The two rival military alliances that confirmed the separation of Europe into two groups were NATO and the Warsaw Pact.
What did the presence of two military alliances in Europe increase the likelihood of?
The presence of two military alliances in Europe increased the likelihood of war.
By August 1949, the Soviet Union had achieved with the USA, as both countries had atomic weapons.
By August 1949, the Soviet Union had achieved parity with the USA, as both countries had atomic weapons.
Name three member countries of the Warsaw Pact.
Three member countries of the Warsaw Pact were the Soviet Union, Poland and East Germany (also Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria and Albania).
What was the Space Race a way for the USA and USSR to compete for?
The Space Race was a way for the USA and USSR to compete for power.
The rockets used in the Space Race were based on what kind of technology?
The rockets used in the Space Race were based on missile technology.
On what date did the USSR launch Sputnik 1?
The USSR launched Sputnik 1 on 4th October 1957.
Sputnik 1 was the first manmade to orbit the Earth.
Sputnik 1 was the first manmade satellite to orbit the Earth.
Which dog became the first living creature in space aboard Sputnik 2?
The dog that became the first living creature in space aboard Sputnik 2 was Laika.
Who became the first human in space on 12th April 1961?
The first human in space on 12th April 1961 was Yuri Gagarin.
In which spacecraft did Yuri Gagarin complete one orbit of Earth?
Yuri Gagarin completed one orbit of Earth in the Vostok 1 spacecraft.
In May 1961, which US President promised to land a man on the Moon before the decade was out?
In May 1961, the US President who promised to land a man on the Moon before the decade was out was John F. Kennedy.
Who became the first human to walk on the Moon?
The first human to walk on the Moon was Neil Armstrong.
On 20th July 1969, the USA successfully completed the 11 mission.
On 20th July 1969, the USA successfully completed the Apollo 11 mission.
In which month and year did the Apollo-Soyuz mission take place?
The Apollo-Soyuz mission took place in July 1975.
True or False?
The Apollo-Soyuz mission marked the end of the Space Race.
True.
The Apollo-Soyuz mission marked the end of the Space Race.
What did the Apollo and Soyuz spacecraft do in space on 17th July 1975?
On 17th July 1975, the Apollo and Soyuz spacecraft successfully docked in space.
Define the Arms Race.
The Arms Race was the Cold War competition between the USA and USSR to build the most advanced weapons.
Which two cities did the USA atomic-bomb in August 1945, starting the Arms Race?
The two cities the USA atomic-bombed in August 1945, starting the Arms Race, were Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
In which year did the USSR test its first atomic bomb?
The USSR tested its first atomic bomb in 1949.
The USA tested the first hydrogen bomb, 'Ivy Mike', in .
The USA tested the first hydrogen bomb, 'Ivy Mike', in 1952.
How much more powerful was a hydrogen bomb than an atomic bomb?
A hydrogen bomb was about 1,000 times more powerful than an atomic bomb.
Which US scientist developed the idea of the hydrogen bomb?
The US scientist who developed the idea of the hydrogen bomb was Edward Teller.
Define Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD).
Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD) was the idea that if either side launched a nuclear attack, the other would retaliate fully, destroying both.
Define brinkmanship.
Brinkmanship was pushing a crisis to the edge of war to force the other side to back down.
True or False?
ICBMs could deliver a nuclear strike across the world in minutes.
True.
ICBMs could deliver a nuclear strike across the world in minutes.
What was the 'Duck and Cover' campaign?
The 'Duck and Cover' campaign was a 1950s US campaign teaching people how to shelter from a nuclear attack.
The British anti-nuclear movement founded in 1958 was the Campaign for Nuclear .
The British anti-nuclear movement founded in 1958 was the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament.
What was the USSR's 'Tsar Bomba' (1961)?
The USSR's 'Tsar Bomba' (1961) was the largest man-made explosion in history, about 50 megatons.
Which spy sped up the USSR's atomic bomb by passing on Manhattan Project secrets?
The spy who sped up the USSR's atomic bomb by passing on Manhattan Project secrets was Klaus Fuchs.
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