An ion is an electrically charged atom or group of atoms formed by the loss or gain of electrons.

True or False? Ions form to obtain a full outer shell of electrons.

True. Ions form to obtain a full outer shell of electrons.

Do metals lose or gain electrons to other atoms?

Metals lose electrons to other atoms.

Metals lose electrons to form .......... charged ions.

Metals lose electrons to form positively charged ions.

How are anions formed?

Anions are formed when atoms gain electrons.

How many electrons does a sulfur atom gain to become a sulfide ion, S 2- ?

A sulfur atom gains 2 electrons to become a sulfide ion, S 2- .

True or False? Cations are formed by ions losing electrons.

False. Cations are formed by atoms losing electrons.

Why do non-metals gain electrons?

Non-metals gain electrons to obtain a full outer shell of electrons.

What type of ion do metals usually form?

Metals usually form cations / positive ions .

True or False? To calculate the number of electrons in a 1+ ion, you add one to the atomic (proton) number.

False. To calculate the number of electrons in a 1+ ion, you subtract one from the atomic (proton) number.

Give two reasons why cations are positively charged.

Cations are positively charged because: They have lost electrons They have more protons than electrons

How many electrons does an atom of aluminium gain or lose to become Al 3+ ?

An atom of aluminium loses 3 electrons to become Al 3+ .

True or False? An ion is neutral and has no overall charge.

False. An atom is neutral and has no overall charge.

Elements in which groups of the Periodic Table form ions by: Gaining 1 electron. Losing 1 electron. Gaining 2 electrons. Losing 2 electrons.

The elements form ions by: Gaining 1 electron = Group 7 Losing 1 electron = Group 1 Gaining 2 electrons = Group 6 Losing 2 electrons = Group 2

How many protons, neutrons and electrons does the 2+ ion of magnesium contain? 24 12 Mg 2+

The 2+ ion of magnesium contains: 12 protons (24 - 12) = 12 neutrons 10 electrons

True or False? An atom has the same number of protons and neutrons as an ion.

True. An atom has the same number of protons and neutrons as an ion.

How many protons, neutrons and electrons does a fluoride ion contain? 19 9 F -

The fluoride ion contains: 9 protons (19 - 9) = 10 neutrons 10 electrons

How many electrons does a Group 1 element lose to become a 1+ ion?

A Group 1 element loses 1 electron to form a 1+ ion.

True or False? Group 6 elements lose 2 electrons to become 2- ions.

False. Group 6 elements gain 2 electrons to become 2- ions.

What does a dot and cross diagram show?

A dot and cross diagram shows the transfer of electrons between atoms to form ions in an ionic bond.

What is formed when an atom loses electrons?

When an atom loses electrons, it forms a positively charged ion / cation .

True or False? Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons between atoms.

True. Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons between atoms.

In the formation of sodium chloride, which atom loses an electron?

In the formation of sodium chloride, the sodium atom loses an electron.

An ionic bond is a strong electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions, formed by the transfer of electrons from a metal atom to a non-metal atom.

In the formation of magnesium oxide, how many electrons does the magnesium atom lose?

In the formation of magnesium oxide, the magnesium atom loses two electrons.

What type of structure do ionic compounds have?

The structure of an ionic compound is a giant ionic lattice .

True or False? In dot and cross diagrams, you only need to show the outer electrons.

True. In dot and cross diagrams for exam purposes, you only need to show the outer electrons.

In the formation of an ionic compound, which atoms gain electrons?

In the formation of an ionic compound, non-metal atoms gain electrons.

What happens to a Group 7 atom when it reacts with a Group 1 atom?

When a Group 7 atom reacts with a Group 1 atom, the Group 7 atom: Gains one electron. Becomes negatively charged / becomes a 1- ion .

True or False? When an atom gains electrons, it becomes a positively charged anion.

False. When an atom gains electrons, it becomes a negatively charged anion.

What type of forces hold ionic compounds together?

Ionic compounds are held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions.

What are electrostatic forces?

Electrostatic forces are the attractive (or repulsive) forces between charged particles.

In ionic bonding, electrons are .......... from a metal atom to a non-metal atom.

In ionic bonding, electrons are transferred from a metal atom to a non-metal atom.

In an ionic lattice, what direction do the electrostatic forces act in?

In an ionic lattice, electrostatic forces act in all directions .

Describe the structure of a giant ionic lattice.

A giant ionic lattice is a series of positively charged and negatively charged ions arranged in an alternating pattern .

What are the ions in calcium chloride, CaCl 2 ?

The ions in calcium chloride are Ca 2+ and Cl - .

True or False? The formula for aluminium sulfate is AlSO 4 .

False. The formula for aluminium sulfate is Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 .

Write the formula for the compound formed from Ca 2+ and CO 3 2- .

The formula for the compound formed from Ca 2+ and CO 3 2- is CaCO 3 .

Nitric acid is made from the hydrogen and nitrate ions. What are the formulas of the hydrogen and nitrate ions?

The formulas of the hydrogen and nitrate ions are: Hydrogen = H + Nitrate = NO 3 -

The name of an ionic compound ending in -ate always contains at least three elements, one of which must be .......... .

The name of an ionic compound ending in -ate always contains at least three elements, one of which must be oxygen .

When the name of an ionic compound ends with -ATE, what does this tell you?

The ATE ending tells you that the ionic compound contains at least 3 elements and one of those must be oxygen .

How do you balance charges for ionic compounds?

To balance charges for ionic compounds, multiply the ions by numbers such that the sum of charges cancel out to form an overall charge of 0 .

True or False? The formula for calcium carbonate is CaCO 3 .

True. The formula for calcium carbonate is CaCO 3 .

What is the name of Na 2 CO 3 ?

The name of Na 2 CO 3 is sodium carbonate .

Which elements are in copper sulfate?

The elements in copper sulfate are: Copper Sulfur Oxygen - which gives the ATE ending

True or False? Ionic compound formulae are calculated by balancing the charges of the ions.

True. Ionic compound formulae are calculated by balancing the charges of the ions.

Give the formulas of the compounds formed from the following pairs of ions. Na + and Cl - Ca 2+ and CO 3 2- Al 3+ and OH -

The formulas of the compounds formed from the following pairs of ions are: Na + and Cl - = NaCl Ca 2+ and CO 3 2- = CaCO 3 Al 3+ and OH - = Al(OH) 3

What does the formula of an ionic compound show?

The formula of an ionic compound shows the ratio of the ions present in the compound, balanced by their charges.

What is the formula of the sulfate ion?

The formula of the sulfate ion is SO 4 2- .

True or False? The formula of the hydroxide ion is OH + .

False. The formula of the hydroxide ions is OH - .

GCSEScienceEdexcelCombined ScienceChemistryFlashcardsAtomic StructureIonic Bonding

Ionic Bonding (Edexcel GCSE Combined Science: Chemistry): Flashcards

Exam code: 1SC0

1/58

0Still learning

Know0

FrontIons
What is an ion?

Was this flashcard helpful?

Cards in this collection (58)

What is an ion?
An ion is an electrically charged atom or group of atoms formed by the loss or gain of electrons.
True or False?
Ions form to obtain a full outer shell of electrons.
True.
Ions form to obtain a full outer shell of electrons.
Are anions positive or negative ions?
Anions are negative ions.
Do metals lose or gain electrons to other atoms?
Metals lose electrons to other atoms.
Metals lose electrons to form .......... charged ions.
Metals lose electrons to form positively charged ions.
How are anions formed?
Anions are formed when atoms gain electrons.
How many electrons does a sulfur atom gain to become a sulfide ion, S^2-?
A sulfur atom gains 2 electrons to become a sulfide ion, S^2-.
True or False?
Cations are formed by ions losing electrons.
False.
Cations are formed by atoms losing electrons.
Why do non-metals gain electrons?
Non-metals gain electrons to obtain a full outer shell of electrons.
What type of ion do metals usually form?
Metals usually form cations / positive ions.
True or False?
To calculate the number of electrons in a 1+ ion, you add one to the atomic (proton) number.
False.
To calculate the number of electrons in a 1+ ion, you subtract one from the atomic (proton) number.
Give two reasons why cations are positively charged.
Cations are positively charged because:
- They have lost electrons
- They have more protons than electrons
How many electrons does an atom of aluminium gain or lose to become Al³⁺?
An atom of aluminium loses 3 electrons to become Al³⁺.
True or False?
An ion is neutral and has no overall charge.
False.
An atom is neutral and has no overall charge.
Elements in which groups of the Periodic Table form ions by:
1. Gaining 1 electron.
2. Losing 1 electron.
3. Gaining 2 electrons.
4. Losing 2 electrons.
The elements form ions by:
1. Gaining 1 electron = Group 7
2. Losing 1 electron = Group 1
3. Gaining 2 electrons = Group 6
4. Losing 2 electrons = Group 2
How many protons, neutrons and electrons does the 2+ ion of magnesium contain?
²⁴₁₂Mg²⁺
The 2+ ion of magnesium contains:
- 12 protons
- (24 - 12) = 12 neutrons
- 10 electrons
True or False?
An atom has the same number of protons and neutrons as an ion.
True.
An atom has the same number of protons and neutrons as an ion.
How many protons, neutrons and electrons does a fluoride ion contain?
¹⁹₉F^-
The fluoride ion contains:
- 9 protons
- (19 - 9) = 10 neutrons
- 10 electrons
How many electrons does a Group 1 element lose to become a 1+ ion?
A Group 1 element loses 1 electron to form a 1+ ion.
True or False?
Group 6 elements lose 2 electrons to become 2- ions.
False.
Group 6 elements gain 2 electrons to become 2- ions.
What does a dot and cross diagram show?
A dot and cross diagram shows the transfer of electrons between atoms to form ions in an ionic bond.
What is formed when an atom loses electrons?
When an atom loses electrons, it forms a positively charged ion / cation.
True or False?
Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons between atoms.
True.
Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons between atoms.
In the formation of sodium chloride, which atom loses an electron?
In the formation of sodium chloride, the sodium atom loses an electron.
Define ionic bond.
An ionic bond is a strong electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions, formed by the transfer of electrons from a metal atom to a non-metal atom.
In the formation of magnesium oxide, how many electrons does the magnesium atom lose?
In the formation of magnesium oxide, the magnesium atom loses two electrons.
What type of structure do ionic compounds have?
The structure of an ionic compound is a giant ionic lattice.
True or False?
In dot and cross diagrams, you only need to show the outer electrons.
True.
In dot and cross diagrams for exam purposes, you only need to show the outer electrons.
In the formation of an ionic compound, which atoms gain electrons?
In the formation of an ionic compound, non-metal atoms gain electrons.
What happens to a Group 7 atom when it reacts with a Group 1 atom?
When a Group 7 atom reacts with a Group 1 atom, the Group 7 atom:
Gains one electron.
Becomes negatively charged / becomes a 1- ion.
True or False?
When an atom gains electrons, it becomes a positively charged anion.
False.
When an atom gains electrons, it becomes a negatively charged anion.
What type of forces hold ionic compounds together?
Ionic compounds are held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions.
What are electrostatic forces?
Electrostatic forces are the attractive (or repulsive) forces between charged particles.
In ionic bonding, electrons are .......... from a metal atom to a non-metal atom.
In ionic bonding, electrons are transferred from a metal atom to a non-metal atom.
In an ionic lattice, what direction do the electrostatic forces act in?
In an ionic lattice, electrostatic forces act in all directions.
Describe the structure of a giant ionic lattice.
A giant ionic lattice is a series of positively charged and negatively charged ions arranged in an alternating pattern.
What are the ions in calcium chloride, CaCl₂?
The ions in calcium chloride are Ca²⁺ and Cl^-.
True or False?
The formula for aluminium sulfate is AlSO₄.
False.
The formula for aluminium sulfate is Al₂(SO₄)₃.
Write the formula for the compound formed from Ca²⁺ and CO₃^2-.
The formula for the compound formed from Ca²⁺ and CO₃^2- is CaCO₃.
Nitric acid is made from the hydrogen and nitrate ions.
What are the formulas of the hydrogen and nitrate ions?
The formulas of the hydrogen and nitrate ions are:
- Hydrogen = H⁺
- Nitrate = NO₃^-
The name of an ionic compound ending in -ate always contains at least three elements, one of which must be .......... .
The name of an ionic compound ending in -ate always contains at least three elements, one of which must be oxygen.
When the name of an ionic compound ends with -ATE, what does this tell you?
The ATE ending tells you that the ionic compound contains at least 3 elements and one of those must be oxygen.
How do you balance charges for ionic compounds?
To balance charges for ionic compounds, multiply the ions by numbers such that the sum of charges cancel out to form an overall charge of 0.
True or False?
The formula for calcium carbonate is CaCO₃.
True.
The formula for calcium carbonate is CaCO₃.
What is the name of Na₂CO₃?
The name of Na₂CO₃ is sodium carbonate.
Which elements are in copper sulfate?
The elements in copper sulfate are:
- Copper
- Sulfur
- Oxygen - which gives the ATE ending
True or False?
Ionic compound formulae are calculated by balancing the charges of the ions.
True.
Ionic compound formulae are calculated by balancing the charges of the ions.
Give the formulas of the compounds formed from the following pairs of ions.
- Na⁺ and Cl^-
- Ca²⁺ and CO₃^2-
- Al³⁺ and OH^-
The formulas of the compounds formed from the following pairs of ions are:
- Na⁺ and Cl^- = NaCl
- Ca²⁺ and CO₃^2- = CaCO₃
- Al³⁺ and OH^- = Al(OH)₃
What does the formula of an ionic compound show?
The formula of an ionic compound shows the ratio of the ions present in the compound, balanced by their charges.
What is the formula of the sulfate ion?
The formula of the sulfate ion is SO₄^2-.
True or False?
The formula of the hydroxide ion is OH⁺.
False.
The formula of the hydroxide ions is OH^-.
What is the charge of the oxide ion?
The charge of the oxide ion is 2-.
What is the formula of the carbonate ion?
The formula of the carbonate ion is CO₃^2-.
True or False?
When the name of an ionic compound ends in IDE, it contains oxygen as one of its 3 elements.
False.
When the name of an ionic compound ends in ATE, it contains oxygen as one of its 3 elements.
Name the ionic compound formed by magnesium and oxygen.
The ionic compound formed by magnesium and oxygen is magnesium oxide.
Mg²⁺ and O^2- → MgO
Which ions are present in magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO₃)₂?
The ions present in magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO₃)₂ are:
- Mg²⁺
- NO₃^-
True or False?
The formula KClO₃ represents potassium chloride.
False.
The formula KClO₃ represents potassium chlorate.
What does the formula of an ionic compound represent?
The formula of an ionic compound represents the simplest whole-number ratio of the ions present, with overall charges that balance to zero.

Sign up to unlock flashcards

By signing up you agree to our Terms and Privacy Policy

Previous:The Periodic TableNext:Covalent Bonding