True of False? Improper fractions is another name for mixed numbers .

False. Improper fractions is another name for top heavy fractions .

True or False? When multiplying two fractions, you first must write them with a common denominator .

False. You can multiply fractions without writing them with common denominators . It is only necessary to find a common denominator when adding or subtracting fractions.

True or False? The first step when multiplying together two mixed numbers is to convert the numbers to improper fractions.

True. When multiplying together two mixed numbers , the first step is to write both as top heavy (improper) fractions.

IGCSEMathsEdexcelMaths AFoundationFlashcards1. Numbers & the Number SystemFractions

Fractions (Edexcel IGCSE Maths A: Foundation): Flashcards

Exam code: 4MA1

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FrontFractions of Amounts
In the fraction $\frac{2}{3}$ , what do the 3 and the 2 tell you?

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Cards in this collection (28)

In the fraction $\frac{2}{3}$ , what do the 3 and the 2 tell you?
The denominator, 3, tells you the whole is split into 3 equal parts.
The numerator, 2, tells you how many of those parts you have.
Fill in the two missing numbers to find two fifths of 60:
$\frac{2}{5} of 60 = (60 \div______) \times______= 24$
The completed working is:
$\frac{2}{5} of 60 = (60 \div 5) \times 2 = 24$
Divide by the denominator, then multiply by the numerator.
How do you shade $\frac{3}{5}$ of a grid of 20 squares?
Divide 20 by 5 to get 4 squares, then multiply by 3 to get 12 squares to shade.
It does not matter which 12 of the squares you shade.
True or False?
Finding a fraction of an amount always gives an answer smaller than the amount.
False.
For a positive amount, the answer is smaller only when the fraction is less than 1.
For example, $\frac{3}{2}$ of 10 is 15, which is bigger than 10.
When finding $\frac{3}{4}$ of an amount, what does dividing by 4 give you?
Dividing by 4 gives one quarter of the amount, which is the size of one of the 4 equal parts.
Multiplying that by 3 then gives the three parts you want.
On a calculator, what single calculation finds $\frac{9}{10}$ of 15?
Multiply the fraction by the amount, so $\frac{9}{10} \times 15 = 13.5$ is the answer.
In a fraction of an amount, the word of means multiply.
Define equivalent fractions.
Equivalent fractions are fractions that represent the same amount, even though they are written with different numbers.
For example, $\frac{1}{2}$ and $\frac{6}{12}$ are equivalent.
How do you find a fraction equivalent to $\frac{5}{6}$ ?
Multiply the numerator and the denominator by the same number, other than zero.
For example, multiplying both by 2 gives $\frac{10}{12}$ and multiplying both by 3 gives $\frac{15}{18}$ .
You can do this with any number, so every fraction has infinitely many equivalent fractions.
True or False?
Adding 1 to both the numerator and the denominator of $\frac{1}{2}$ gives an equivalent fraction.
False.
Adding 1 to both gives $\frac{2}{3}$ , which is bigger than $\frac{1}{2}$ , so the value has changed.
Define the simplest form of a fraction.
A fraction is in its simplest form when its numerator and denominator have no common factor other than 1.
For example, $\frac{3}{4}$ is in its simplest form but $\frac{6}{8}$ is not.
Fill in the number that the numerator and denominator are both divided by:
$\frac{25}{45} = \frac{25 \div______}{45 \div______} = \frac{5}{9}$
The completed working is:
$\frac{25}{45} = \frac{25 \div 5}{45 \div 5} = \frac{5}{9}$
Dividing the top and bottom by the same number is called cancelling.
Dividing the top and bottom of $\frac{12}{18}$ by 2 gives $\frac{6}{9}$ . Is $\frac{6}{9}$ fully simplified?
No, because 6 and 9 still have a common factor of 3, so it simplifies again to $\frac{2}{3}$ .
Dividing by the highest common factor, 6, would have simplified it in one step.
True or False?
A fraction in its simplest form can have a numerator bigger than its denominator.
True.
For example, $\frac{7}{4}$ cannot be simplified, because 7 and 4 share no factor apart from 1.
Writing it as the mixed number $1 \frac{3}{4}$ changes its form, but that is not simplifying it.
Define the term top heavy (improper) fraction.
A top heavy (improper) fraction is one where its numerator is bigger than its denominator.
E.g. $\frac{4}{3}$ is a top heavy fraction.
Define the term mixed number.
A mixed number is a whole number added together with a fraction.
E.g. $2 \frac{3}{5}$ is a mixed number.
How do you convert a mixed number into a top heavy fraction?
To convert from a mixed number into a top heavy fraction, multiply the whole number by the denominator. Add that value to the numerator. This becomes the new numerator.
The denominator stays the same.
E.g. $4 \frac{5}{8} = \frac{4 \times 8 + 5}{8} = \frac{37}{8}$
How do you convert a top heavy fraction into a mixed number?
To convert from a top heavy fraction to a mixed number, divide the numerator by the denominator.
The number of times that the denominator goes into the numerator is the whole number for the mixed number.
The remainder is the numerator for the mixed number.
The denominator stays the same.
E.g. $\frac{22}{7} = \frac{21}{7} + \frac{1}{7} = 3 \frac{1}{7}$
True of False?
Improper fractions is another name for mixed numbers.
False.
Improper fractions is another name for top heavy fractions.
What is the lowest common denominator of two fractions.
E.g. $\frac{2}{5}$ and $\frac{1}{3}$ .
The lowest common denominator of two fractions is the smallest whole number that each denominator divides into. I.e. the lowest common multiple of the denominators.
E.g. The fractions $\frac{2}{5}$ and $\frac{1}{3}$ have denominators of 3 and 5.
Therefore, the lowest common denominator of these two fractions is 15.
True or False?
To work out $\frac{1}{4} + \frac{5}{7}$ , you add the numerators and add the denominators to get $\frac{6}{11}$ .
False.
It is a common error to add together the numerators and add together the denominators when adding fractions.
Instead, you need to first convert both fractions so that they have a common denominator and just add the numerators.
E.g. $\frac{1}{4} + \frac{5}{7} = \frac{7}{28} + \frac{20}{28} = \frac{27}{28}$ .
True or False?
When adding or subtracting fractions, sometimes you only need to change one of the denominators.
True.
When adding or subtracting fractions, if one denominator is a multiple of the other then you only need to change the smaller one.
E.g. $\frac{2}{5} + \frac{4}{15} = \frac{6}{15} + \frac{4}{15}$ .
How do you add or subtract two mixed numbers?
E.g. $5 \frac{2}{3} - 4 \frac{1}{6}$ .
It is easiest to convert the mixed numbers into improper fractions first and then complete the addition or subtraction.
E.g. $5 \frac{2}{3} - 4 \frac{1}{6}$
$\begin{array}{rcl} \frac{5 \times 3 + 2}{3} - \frac{4 \times 6 + 1}{6} & = & \frac{17}{3} - \frac{25}{6} \\ = & \frac{34}{6} - \frac{25}{6} = \frac{9}{6} = \frac{3}{2} = 1 \frac{1}{2} \end{array}$
True or False?
When multiplying two fractions, you first must write them with a common denominator.
False.
You can multiply fractions without writing them with common denominators.
It is only necessary to find a common denominator when adding or subtracting fractions.
Dividing a number by a fraction is the same as multiplying the original number by what?
Dividing a number by a fraction is the same as multiplying the original number by the reciprocal of the fraction.
For example, $9 \div \frac{2}{3} = 9 \times \frac{3}{2}$ .
How do you multiply two fractions?
E.g. $\frac{5}{8} \times \frac{3}{7}$ .
To multiply two fractions, multiply the numerators together to get the new numerator, and multiply the denominators together to get the new denominator.
E.g. $\frac{5}{8} \times \frac{3}{7} = \frac{5 \times 3}{8 \times 7} = \frac{15}{56}$
How do you divide one fraction by another fraction?
E.g. $\frac{3}{9} \div \frac{4}{5}$ .
To divide one fraction by another fraction, flip the second fraction and change the division to multiplication.
Then multiply the fractions as normal.
E.g. $\frac{3}{9} \div \frac{4}{5} = \frac{3}{9} \times \frac{5}{4} = \frac{15}{36} = \frac{5}{12}$
True or False?
When multiplying two fractions together, you can cancel out a common factor between the numerator of one fraction and the denominator of the other fraction.
E.g. $\frac{4}{15} \times \frac{25}{11} = \frac{4}{\underset{3}{15}} \times \frac{\overset{5}{25}}{11}$ .
True.
When multiplying two fractions together, you can cancel out a common factor between the numerator of one fraction and the denominator of the other fraction.
This is called cross-cancelling.
True or False?
The first step when multiplying together two mixed numbers is to convert the numbers to improper fractions.
True.
When multiplying together two mixed numbers, the first step is to write both as top heavy (improper) fractions.

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