2D & 3D Shapes (Edexcel IGCSE Maths A: Foundation): Flashcards
Exam code: 4MA1
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Complete the polygon names by filling in the missing words:
A polygon with
sides is a 
.A polygon with
sides is a .A polygon with
sides is a .
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Cards in this collection (21)
Complete the polygon names by filling in the missing words:
A polygon with
sides is a .A polygon with
sides is a .A polygon with
sides is a .The completed names are:
A polygon with
sides is a pentagon.A polygon with
sides is a heptagon.A polygon with
sides is a nonagon.Complete the triangle names by filling in the missing words:
An
triangle has three sides of equal length.An
triangle has two sides of equal length.A
triangle has no sides of equal length.The completed names are:
An equilateral triangle has three sides of equal length.
An isosceles triangle has two sides of equal length.
A scalene triangle has no sides of equal length.
A square is a special kind of rectangle, and a rhombus is a special kind of parallelogram. What do both special cases have in common?
In each case, all four sides are the same length.
A rectangle and a parallelogram each have two pairs of equal sides; making all four equal is what produces the square and the rhombus.
A quadrilateral has exactly one pair of parallel sides. What is it called, and what is it called if it has two pairs?
One pair of parallel sides makes it a trapezium.
Two pairs of parallel sides make it a parallelogram.
How are the equal sides of a kite arranged, compared with those of a parallelogram?
A kite's equal sides are adjacent, meaning next to each other, in two pairs.
A parallelogram's equal sides are opposite each other, and unlike a parallelogram a kite has no parallel sides at all.
What does it mean to say that a diagonal bisects another?
It cuts the other diagonal exactly in half, crossing it at its midpoint.
In a square, rectangle, parallelogram and rhombus each diagonal bisects the other; in a trapezium neither does.
In which quadrilaterals are the two diagonals perpendicular?
In the square, the rhombus and the kite.
In a rectangle, a parallelogram and a trapezium the diagonals cross at some other angle.
True or False?
The two diagonals of a kite bisect each other.
False.
Only one of a kite's diagonals bisects the other.
The longer diagonal cuts the shorter one in half, but the shorter one does not return the favour.
Define a prism.
A prism is a 3D shape with the same cross-section all the way through its length.
The cross-section of a cube is a square, and that of a cuboid is a rectangle.
Complete the three descriptions by filling in the missing words:
A
is a single surface of a 3D shape.A
is a corner of a 3D shape.An
joins one corner to another.The completed descriptions are:
A face is a single surface of a 3D shape.
A vertex is a corner of a 3D shape.
An edge joins one corner to another.
The plural of vertex is vertices.
How many faces, edges and vertices does a cube have?
A cube has
faces, 
edges and 
vertices.A cuboid has exactly the same counts, because it is a cube with its square faces stretched into rectangles.
How many faces, edges and vertices does a triangular prism have?
A triangular prism has
faces, edges and vertices.The faces are the two triangular ends and the three rectangles joining them.
What is a tetrahedron?
A tetrahedron is a triangular-based pyramid.
It has
triangular faces, one for the base and three sloping up to meet at a point.Why is a cylinder described as being similar to a prism?
Because it also has the same cross-section all the way through, in its case a circle.
Its two circular ends are identical, exactly as a prism's two ends are.
True or False?
The three rectangular faces of a triangular prism are always equal to one another.
False.
All three are equal only when the triangular ends are equilateral.
If the triangular ends are isosceles then only two of the rectangles match, because the rectangles take their widths from the sides of the triangle.
Define the net of a solid.
A net is a 2D drawing that can be cut out and folded up to make the 3D shape.
Each face of the solid appears once in the net, arranged so that the right edges meet when it is folded.
How is the area of a net related to the solid it folds into?
The area of the net is exactly the surface area of the solid.
Folding does not change how much material there is, it only rearranges it in space.
True or False?
Any arrangement of six squares joined edge to edge will fold up into a cube.
False.
Only 11 different arrangements of six squares actually fold into a cube.
A solid can have more than one net, but not every arrangement of the right faces is one.
What shapes make up the net of a cylinder, and what are the rectangle's dimensions equal to?
Two circles and one rectangle.
The rectangle's length is the circumference of the circles, because it wraps right around them, and its width is the height of the cylinder.
What does the net of a square-based pyramid consist of?
One square for the base and four congruent triangles for the sloping faces.
The perpendicular height of each triangle is the slant height of the pyramid, not its vertical height.
Complete the description of the net of a cuboid by filling in the missing numbers:
The net of a cuboid is made from
rectangles, which come in matching pairs.The completed description is:
The net of a cuboid is made from
rectangles, which come in 
matching pairs.Opposite faces of a cuboid are identical, which is what pairs them up.
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