Mass is a measure of the quantity of matter in an object.

True or False? Mass is a vector quantity.

False. Mass is a scalar quantity.

The SI unit for mass is kg . What does kg stand for?

The unit kg stands for kilograms .

Define weight in terms of the effect of a gravitational field. (Extended Tier Only)

Weight is the effect of a gravitational field on an object with mass.

Define gravitational field strength .

Gravitational field strength is the force per unit mass acting on an object in a gravitational field.

True or False? Weight is a measure of the quantity of matter in an object.

False. Weight is a gravitational force ; it is a vector quantity measured in newtons (N) .

True or False? An object's mass varies depending on the gravitational field strength .

False. An object's mass is independent of gravitational field strength; it stays the same everywhere in the Universe.

How is an object's weight affected by the gravitational field strength ?

The stronger the gravitational field strength, the greater the object's weight.

Density is defined as the mass per unit volume of a material. It describes how much mass is contained in a given volume.

True or False? Objects made from high-density materials typically have low mass .

False. Objects made from high-density materials typically have a high mass.

State the units for density when mass is in grams ( g ) and volume is in cubic centimetres ( cm³ ).

The units for density are grams per cubic centimetre (g/cm³) when mass is measured in grams (g) and volume in cubic centimetres (cm³).

Why are gases generally less dense than solids?

Gases are generally less dense than solids because the molecules in a gas are more spread out over a larger volume.

True or False? Density is a scalar quantity.

True. Density is a scalar quantity.

Volume is the amount of space occupied by an object in three-dimensional space.

Identify which object is more dense, the one on the left or the one on the right.\n\n! Two cubes with pink spheres inside; the left cube has 4 spread-out spheres, and the right cube is filled with 14 closely packed spheres. {width=1100 height=301}

The object on the right is more dense because the particles are packed more closely together.

When an irregular object is fully submerged, the volume of water it ______ is equal to the volume of the object.

When an irregular object is fully submerged, the volume of water it displaces is equal to the volume of the object.

When measuring the density of a liquid, how do you find the mass of the liquid ?

Subtract the mass of the empty measuring cylinder from the mass of the cylinder with the liquid in it. Mass of liquid = mass of cylinder with liquid − mass of empty cylinder

Which instrument would you use to measure the dimensions of a very small object most accurately?

A micrometer , which measures objects around 3 cm in length with a resolution of 0.001 mm. A ruler (up to 30 cm) or Vernier calipers (around 15 cm) are used for larger objects.

True or False? Water should be poured into the measuring cylinder while it is on the digital balance.

False. Water should not be added while the cylinder is on the balance, as a spill onto the electric balance could cause an electric shock .

Why should you repeat your measurements and take an average in this experiment?

Repeating measurements and taking an average reduces the effect of random errors , giving a more reliable result.

Upthrust is a force that pushes upwards on an object submerged in a fluid. It acts in the opposite direction to the object's weight.

True or False? Upthrust always pushes downwards on a submerged object.

False. Upthrust always pushes upwards on a submerged object.

What two factors determine whether an object sinks or floats ?

The upthrust acting on it and its density compared with the fluid. It floats if the upthrust equals its weight, which happens when its density is less than the density of the fluid.

A wooden block has a density of 0.9 g/cm³ and freshwater has a density of 1.0 g/cm³. Will the block float or sink in the water?

The block will float , because its density is less than the density of the freshwater.

True or False? Density is always measured in kilograms ( kg ).

False. Density is mass per unit volume , measured in kg/m³ or g/cm³.

What does the size of the upthrust on a submerged object depend on?

The density of the fluid and the volume of fluid displaced (which equals the volume of the object). A denser fluid produces a greater upthrust.

IGCSEScienceCambridge (CIE)Co-ordinated Sciences (Double Award)PhysicsFlashcards1. Motion, Forces & EnergyMass, Weight & Density

Mass, Weight & Density (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE Co-ordinated Sciences (Double Award): Physics): Flashcards

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Cards in this collection (31)

Define mass.
Mass is a measure of the quantity of matter in an object.
True or False?
Mass is a vector quantity.
False.
Mass is a scalar quantity.
The SI unit for mass is kg. What does kg stand for?
The unit kg stands for kilograms.
Define weight in terms of the effect of a gravitational field. (Extended Tier Only)
Weight is the effect of a gravitational field on an object with mass.
Define gravitational field strength.
Gravitational field strength is the force per unit mass acting on an object in a gravitational field.
True or False?
Weight is a measure of the quantity of matter in an object.
False.
Weight is a gravitational force; it is a vector quantity measured in newtons (N).
True or False?
An object's mass varies depending on the gravitational field strength.
False.
An object's mass is independent of gravitational field strength; it stays the same everywhere in the Universe.
How is an object's weight affected by the gravitational field strength?
The stronger the gravitational field strength, the greater the object's weight.
What is the equation for gravitational field strength?
$g = \frac{W}{m}$
Where:
- g = gravitational field strength in N/kg
- W = weight in N
- m = mass in kg
On Earth, g = 9.8 N/kg.
Define density.
Density is defined as the mass per unit volume of a material. It describes how much mass is contained in a given volume.
True or False?
Objects made from high-density materials typically have low mass.
False.
Objects made from high-density materials typically have a high mass.
What is the equation for the density of an object?
The equation for density is $ρ = \frac{m}{V}$
Where:
- ρ = density, measured in kg / m³
- $m$ = mass, measured in kilograms (kg)
- $V$ = volume, measured in metres cubed (m³)
State the units for density when mass is in grams (g) and volume is in cubic centimetres (cm³).
The units for density are grams per cubic centimetre (g/cm³) when mass is measured in grams (g) and volume in cubic centimetres (cm³).
Why are gases generally less dense than solids?
Gases are generally less dense than solids because the molecules in a gas are more spread out over a larger volume.
True or False?
Density is a scalar quantity.
True.
Density is a scalar quantity.
Define volume.
Volume is the amount of space occupied by an object in three-dimensional space.
State the equation used to calculate the volume of an object.
The equation used to calculate the volume of an object is $V = l \times w \times h$
Where:
- $l$ = length of object, measured in metres (m)
- $w$ = width of object, measured in metres (m)
- $h$ = height of object, measured in (m)
Identify which object is more dense, the one on the left or the one on the right.\n\n!Two cubes with pink spheres inside; the left cube has 4 spread-out spheres, and the right cube is filled with 14 closely packed spheres. (opens in a new tab){width=1100 height=301}
The object on the right is more dense because the particles are packed more closely together.
How do you measure the density of a regularly shaped object?
Measure its mass using a digital balance, and measure its dimensions using a ruler, Vernier calipers or micrometer.
Calculate its volume from its shape, then find the density using:
$ρ = \frac{m}{V}$
How do you measure the density of an irregularly shaped object?
Measure its mass using a digital balance.
Lower it into a displacement (eureka) can and collect the overflowing water in a measuring cylinder. Measure the volume of this water, then find the density using:
$ρ = \frac{m}{V}$
When an irregular object is fully submerged, the volume of water it ______ is equal to the volume of the object.
When an irregular object is fully submerged, the volume of water it displaces is equal to the volume of the object.
When measuring the density of a liquid, how do you find the mass of the liquid?
Subtract the mass of the empty measuring cylinder from the mass of the cylinder with the liquid in it.
Mass of liquid = mass of cylinder with liquid − mass of empty cylinder
Which instrument would you use to measure the dimensions of a very small object most accurately?
A micrometer, which measures objects around 3 cm in length with a resolution of 0.001 mm.
A ruler (up to 30 cm) or Vernier calipers (around 15 cm) are used for larger objects.
True or False?
Water should be poured into the measuring cylinder while it is on the digital balance.
False.
Water should not be added while the cylinder is on the balance, as a spill onto the electric balance could cause an electric shock.
Why should you repeat your measurements and take an average in this experiment?
Repeating measurements and taking an average reduces the effect of random errors, giving a more reliable result.
Define upthrust.
Upthrust is a force that pushes upwards on an object submerged in a fluid. It acts in the opposite direction to the object's weight.
True or False?
Upthrust always pushes downwards on a submerged object.
False.
Upthrust always pushes upwards on a submerged object.
What two factors determine whether an object sinks or floats?
The upthrust acting on it and its density compared with the fluid.
It floats if the upthrust equals its weight, which happens when its density is less than the density of the fluid.
A wooden block has a density of 0.9 g/cm³ and freshwater has a density of 1.0 g/cm³. Will the block float or sink in the water?
The block will float, because its density is less than the density of the freshwater.
True or False?
Density is always measured in kilograms (kg).
False.
Density is mass per unit volume, measured in kg/m³ or g/cm³.
What does the size of the upthrust on a submerged object depend on?
The density of the fluid and the volume of fluid displaced (which equals the volume of the object).
A denser fluid produces a greater upthrust.

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