Speed is the distance travelled per unit time .

True or False? Speed is a vector quantity.

False. Speed is a scalar quantity because it only contains magnitude.

Define average speed .

Average speed is the total distance travelled divided by the total time taken.

What does velocity describe that speed does not?

Velocity describes both magnitude and direction of motion whereas speed describes only magnitude.

Velocity is defined as the rate of change of displacement with respect to time.

True or False? Velocity is a scalar quantity.

False. Velocity is a vector quantity because it includes direction .

What units are used to measure speed and velocity?

Both speed and velocity are measured in metres per second (m/s).

What is the significance of negative velocity values?

The significance of negative velocity values indicates motion in the opposite direction.

How is displacement different from distance in calculating velocity?

Displacement is different from distance in calculating velocity because it accounts for direction.

What is the difference between speed and velocity?

The difference between speed and velocity is that speed is a scalar , while velocity is a vector as it includes direction.

How do you calculate the total distance from the average speed?

The total distance is calculated from the average speed by multiplying the average speed by the total time taken.

What is the difference between acceleration and deceleration ?

An object is accelerating when it is speeding up and decelerating when it is slowing down .

Define acceleration . (Extended Tier Only)

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity .

What units are used to measure acceleration ? (Extended Tier Only)

Acceleration is measured in metres per second squared (m/s²) .

What does a positive acceleration indicate? (Extended Tier Only)

A positive acceleration indicates that the object is speeding up .

True or False? Deceleration is a negative acceleration.

True. A decelerating object is slowing down , so its acceleration is negative .

Which type of graph shows the distance travelled by a moving object over a period of time?

A distance-time graph shows the distance travelled by a moving object over a period of time.

How is constant speed represented on a distance-time graph?

On a distance time graph, constant speed is represented by a straight line : a steeper slope shows a greater constant speed a shallower slope shows a lower constant speed a flat, horizontal line shows a constant speed of zero

How is changing speed represented on a distance-time graph?

On a distance-time graph, changing speed is represented by a curved line .

What does a speed-time graph show?

A speed-time graph shows how the speed of a moving object varies with time .

What is constant acceleration on a speed-time graph?

Constant acceleration on a speed-time graph is represented by a straight , sloping line .

True or False? A gentle slope on a speed-time graph represents large acceleration.

False. A gentle slope on a speed-time graph represents a small acceleration.

What does a flat , horizontal line represent on a speed-time graph?

A flat, horizontal line indicates that the acceleration is zero , meaning the object is moving at a constant speed.

What does the area under a speed-time graph represent?

The area under a speed-time graph represents the distance travelled by the object.

How do you calculate the total area under a speed-time graph?

The total area under a speed-time graph shows the total distance travelled. The total area is the sum of the areas of each enclosed section (triangle or rectangle).

What shape does the area beneath a speed-time graph form for an object with constant speed ?

The area under a speed-time graph forms a rectangle .

True or False? A flat line on a speed-time graph indicates constant acceleration.

False. A flat line on a speed-time graph indicates constant speed .

What does the gradient of a speed-time graph represent? (Extended Tier Only)

The gradient of a speed-time graph represents the acceleration of the object.

What do a positive and a negative gradient indicate on a speed-time graph? (Extended Tier Only)

A positive gradient shows the object is accelerating (speeding up); a negative gradient shows the object is decelerating (slowing down).

How does a speed-time graph show constant acceleration compared with changing acceleration? (Extended Tier Only)

Constant acceleration is shown by a straight line , while changing acceleration is shown by a curve .

True or False? A curved speed-time graph shows constant acceleration.

False. A curve shows changing acceleration ; a straight line shows constant acceleration.

On a curved speed-time graph, how can you tell if the acceleration is increasing or decreasing ? (Extended Tier Only)

If the curve becomes steeper (gradient increasing), the acceleration is increasing . If the curve becomes shallower (gradient decreasing), the acceleration is decreasing .

How do you find the acceleration at a point on a curved speed-time graph? (Extended Tier Only)

Draw a tangent to the curve at that point and find its gradient . This gives the instantaneous acceleration at that moment.

Define acceleration of free fall . (Extended Tier Only)

Acceleration of free fall ( g ) is the acceleration of an object falling freely under gravity , in the absence of air resistance .

What is the value of the acceleration of free fall ? (Extended Tier Only)

The acceleration of free fall is g = 9.8 m/s² near the Earth's surface.

True or False? The acceleration of free fall is the same for all objects, regardless of mass.

True. In the absence of air resistance , all objects fall with the same acceleration , regardless of their mass.

True or False? All objects fall with the same acceleration in the presence of air resistance.

False. With air resistance , different objects fall at different accelerations. We usually assume air resistance is negligible .

Ignoring air resistance, by how much does a falling object's velocity increase each second? (Extended Tier Only)

Its velocity increases by 9.8 m/s every second.

IGCSEScienceCambridge (CIE)Co-ordinated Sciences (Double Award)PhysicsFlashcards1. Motion, Forces & EnergyMotion

Motion (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE Co-ordinated Sciences (Double Award): Physics): Flashcards

Exam code: 0654 & 0973

1/51

0Still learning

Know0

FrontSpeed & Velocity
What is speed?

Was this flashcard helpful?

Cards in this collection (51)

What is speed?
Speed is the distance travelled per unit time.
True or False?
Speed is a vector quantity.
False.
Speed is a scalar quantity because it only contains magnitude.
Define average speed.
Average speed is the total distance travelled divided by the total time taken.
State the equation for calculating average speed.
The equation for calculating average speed is $Average speed = \frac{distance travelled}{time taken}$
What does velocity describe that speed does not?
Velocity describes both magnitude and direction of motion whereas speed describes only magnitude.
Define velocity.
Velocity is defined as the rate of change of displacement with respect to time.
What is the equation for calculating velocity?
The equation for velocity is $v = \frac{s}{t}$
Where:
- $v$ = velocity, measured in metres per second (m/s)
- $s$ = displacement, measured in metres (m)
- $t$ = time, measured in seconds (s)
True or False?
Velocity is a scalar quantity.
False.
Velocity is a vector quantity because it includes direction.
What units are used to measure speed and velocity?
Both speed and velocity are measured in metres per second (m/s).
What is the significance of negative velocity values?
The significance of negative velocity values indicates motion in the opposite direction.
How is displacement different from distance in calculating velocity?
Displacement is different from distance in calculating velocity because it accounts for direction.
What is the difference between speed and velocity?
The difference between speed and velocity is that speed is a scalar, while velocity is a vector as it includes direction.
How do you calculate the total distance from the average speed?
The total distance is calculated from the average speed by multiplying the average speed by the total time taken.
What is the difference between acceleration and deceleration?
An object is accelerating when it is speeding up and decelerating when it is slowing down.
Define acceleration. (Extended Tier Only)
Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity.
State the equation for calculating acceleration. (Extended Tier Only)
The equation for acceleration is:
$a = \frac{Δ v}{Δ t}$
Where:
- $a$ = acceleration, measured in metres per second squared (m/s²)
- $Δ v$ = change in velocity, measured in metres per second (m/s)
- $Δ t$ = time taken, measured in seconds (s)
How do you find the change in velocity? (Extended Tier Only)
The change in velocity is the final velocity minus the initial velocity:
$Δ v = v - u$
What units are used to measure acceleration? (Extended Tier Only)
Acceleration is measured in metres per second squared (m/s²).
What does a positive acceleration indicate? (Extended Tier Only)
A positive acceleration indicates that the object is speeding up.
True or False?
Deceleration is a negative acceleration.
True.
A decelerating object is slowing down, so its acceleration is negative.
Which type of graph shows the distance travelled by a moving object over a period of time?
A distance-time graph shows the distance travelled by a moving object over a period of time.
How is constant speed represented on a distance-time graph?
On a distance time graph, constant speed is represented by a straight line:
- a steeper slope shows a greater constant speed
- a shallower slope shows a lower constant speed
- a flat, horizontal line shows a constant speed of zero
How is changing speed represented on a distance-time graph?
On a distance-time graph, changing speed is represented by a curved line.
State the equation used to find the gradient of a distance-time graph.
The equation used to find the gradient of a distance-time graph is $speed = gradient = \frac{∆ y}{∆ x}$
Where:
- $∆ y$ = change in distance
- $∆ x$ = change in time
Which line on the distance-time graph shows the slowest speed?\n\n!A distance-time graph with distance on the vertical axis and time on the horizontal axis. It shows two lines, with the blue line steeper than the orange line. (opens in a new tab){width=1100 height=665}
On a distance-time graph, the line with the smallest gradient has the slowest speed. This is the shallowest line (the orange line).
True or False?
This distance-time graph shows a stationary object.
True.
A flat, horizontal line on a distance-time graph shows that the object is stationary. The distance the object has travelled is not changing with time.
Describe the motion of the object shown in this distance-time graph.\n\n!Distance-time graph with time on the horizontal axis and distance on the vertical axis, displaying a line that curves upwards. (opens in a new tab){width=391 height=288}
The object in this distance-time graph has an increasing speed. The distance it travels in each interval of time is increasing; therefore, the line curves upward.
What does a speed-time graph show?
A speed-time graph shows how the speed of a moving object varies with time.
What is constant acceleration on a speed-time graph?
Constant acceleration on a speed-time graph is represented by a straight, sloping line.
True or False?
A gentle slope on a speed-time graph represents large acceleration.
False.
A gentle slope on a speed-time graph represents a small acceleration.
Describe the motion shown in this speed-time graph.\n\n!Speed-time graph showing a curved line that starts at the origin, curves upward steeply, and then flattens out. (opens in a new tab){width=386 height=288}
The speed-time graph shows decreasing acceleration.
The change in speed per unit time decreases.
What does a flat, horizontal line represent on a speed-time graph?
A flat, horizontal line indicates that the acceleration is zero, meaning the object is moving at a constant speed.
What does the area under a speed-time graph represent?
The area under a speed-time graph represents the distance travelled by the object.
How do you calculate the total area under a speed-time graph?
The total area under a speed-time graph shows the total distance travelled. The total area is the sum of the areas of each enclosed section (triangle or rectangle).
What is the formula to calculate the area of a triangle?
The formula to calculate the area of a triangle is $A = \frac{1}{2} \times b \times h$
Where:
- $b$ = base of triangle, measured in metres (m) or centimetres (cm)
- $h$ = height of triangle, measured in metres (m) or centimetres (cm)
What is the formula to calculate the area of a rectangle?
The formula to calculate the area of a rectangle is $A = b \times h$
Where:
- $b$ = base of rectangle, measured in metres (m) or centimetres (cm)
- $h$ = height of rectangle, measured in metres (m) or centimetres (cm)
What shape does the area beneath a speed-time graph form for an object with constant speed?
The area under a speed-time graph forms a rectangle.
True or False?
A flat line on a speed-time graph indicates constant acceleration.
False.
A flat line on a speed-time graph indicates constant speed.
True or False?
The starting speed of this object is zero.
False.
The starting speed is not zero because the line does not start from the origin.
What does the gradient of a speed-time graph represent? (Extended Tier Only)
The gradient of a speed-time graph represents the acceleration of the object.
What do a positive and a negative gradient indicate on a speed-time graph? (Extended Tier Only)
A positive gradient shows the object is accelerating (speeding up); a negative gradient shows the object is decelerating (slowing down).
How does a speed-time graph show constant acceleration compared with changing acceleration? (Extended Tier Only)
Constant acceleration is shown by a straight line, while changing acceleration is shown by a curve.
True or False?
A curved speed-time graph shows constant acceleration.
False.
A curve shows changing acceleration; a straight line shows constant acceleration.
On a curved speed-time graph, how can you tell if the acceleration is increasing or decreasing? (Extended Tier Only)
If the curve becomes steeper (gradient increasing), the acceleration is increasing. If the curve becomes shallower (gradient decreasing), the acceleration is decreasing.
How do you calculate the acceleration from a straight-line speed-time graph? (Extended Tier Only)
The acceleration is the gradient of the line:
$a = \frac{Δ v}{Δ t} = \frac{Δ y}{Δ x}$
Where:
- $Δ v$ = change in speed
- $Δ t$ = change in time
How do you find the acceleration at a point on a curved speed-time graph? (Extended Tier Only)
Draw a tangent to the curve at that point and find its gradient. This gives the instantaneous acceleration at that moment.
Define acceleration of free fall. (Extended Tier Only)
Acceleration of free fall (g) is the acceleration of an object falling freely under gravity, in the absence of air resistance.
What is the value of the acceleration of free fall? (Extended Tier Only)
The acceleration of free fall is g = 9.8 m/s² near the Earth's surface.
True or False?
The acceleration of free fall is the same for all objects, regardless of mass.
True.
In the absence of air resistance, all objects fall with the same acceleration, regardless of their mass.
True or False?
All objects fall with the same acceleration in the presence of air resistance.
False.
With air resistance, different objects fall at different accelerations. We usually assume air resistance is negligible.
Ignoring air resistance, by how much does a falling object's velocity increase each second? (Extended Tier Only)
Its velocity increases by 9.8 m/s every second.

Sign up to unlock flashcards

By signing up you agree to our Terms and Privacy Policy

Previous:Physical Quantities & Measurement TechniquesNext:Mass, Weight & Density