True or False? The nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons.

True. The nucleus is composed of positively charged protons and neutrally charged neutrons , so it has an overall positive charge.

Define proton number .

The proton number , or atomic number ( Z ), is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

What does the nucleon number represent?

The nucleon number , or mass number ( A ), represents the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

True or False? The atomic number determines which element an atom is.

True. The atomic number (proton number) determines which element an atom is.

An atom contains 26 protons and 28 neutrons. What is its nucleon number?

The nucleon number of an atom that contains 26 protons and 28 neutrons is 54 .

Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons .

True or False? An element may have only one isotope.

False. An element may have more than one isotope, and some isotopes are radioactive .

True or False? Protons have a relative charge of +1.

True. Protons have a relative charge of +1 .

What is the relative charge of an electron ?

The relative charge of an electron is −1 .

What is the relative charge of a neutron ?

The relative charge of a neutron is 0 .

True or False? The charges on a neutron and a proton are equal in size but opposite in sign.

False. Neutrons are neutral , so they don't have a charge. The charges on an electron and a proton are equal in size but opposite in sign.

True or False? The relative charge on a nucleus is dependent on the number of neutrons present in the nucleus. (Extended Tier Only)

False. The relative charge on a nucleus is dependent on the number of protons present in the nucleus.

What is the relationship between proton number and relative charge? (Extended Tier Only)

The proton number is equal to the relative charge on the nucleus.

Define nuclear fission . (Extended Tier Only)

Nuclear fission is the splitting of a large, unstable nucleus into two smaller nuclei.

True or False? Neutrons and gamma radiation can be released in nuclear fission reactions. (Extended Tier Only)

True. When a nucleus splits, the two smaller (daughter) nuclei are released along with two or three neutrons , and gamma rays are also emitted.

Define nuclear fusion . (Extended Tier Only)

Nuclear fusion is when two light nuclei join to form a heavier nucleus.

True or False? Nuclear fusion requires extremely high temperatures to maintain. (Extended Tier Only)

True. Nuclear fusion requires extremely high temperature and pressure , so it is very hard to reproduce on Earth.

True or False? The amount of energy released during nuclear fusion is small. (Extended Tier Only)

False. Massive amounts of energy are produced during nuclear fusion. This is how stars, in which hydrogen nuclei fuse to form helium nuclei, produce energy.

IGCSEScienceCambridge (CIE)Co-ordinated Sciences (Double Award)PhysicsFlashcards5. Nuclear PhysicsThe Nucleus

The Nucleus (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE Co-ordinated Sciences (Double Award): Physics): Flashcards

Exam code: 0654 & 0973

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FrontThe Nucleus
True or False?
The nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons.

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Cards in this collection (23)

True or False?
The nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons.
True.
The nucleus is composed of positively charged protons and neutrally charged neutrons, so it has an overall positive charge.
Define proton number.
The proton number, or atomic number (Z), is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
What does the nucleon number represent?
The nucleon number, or mass number (A), represents the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
True or False?
The atomic number determines which element an atom is.
True.
The atomic number (proton number) determines which element an atom is.
What is the proton number of an atom with the nuclide notation ${}_{13}^{27}{Al}$ ?
The proton number of an atom with the nuclide notation ${}_{13}^{27}{Al}$ is 13.
An atom contains 26 protons and 28 neutrons. What is its nucleon number?
The nucleon number of an atom that contains 26 protons and 28 neutrons is 54.
Define isotope.
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
True or False?
An element may have only one isotope.
False.
An element may have more than one isotope, and some isotopes are radioactive.
The nuclide notation for an isotope of iron is ${}_{26}^{58}{Fe}$ . How many neutrons does an atom of iron ${}_{26}^{58}{Fe}$ contain?
An atom of iron ${}_{26}^{58}{Fe}$ contains 32 neutrons.
The number of neutrons = nucleon number − proton number = 58 − 26 = 32.
True or False?
Protons have a relative charge of +1.
True.
Protons have a relative charge of +1.
What is the relative charge of an electron?
The relative charge of an electron is −1.
What is the relative charge of a neutron?
The relative charge of a neutron is 0.
True or False?
The charges on a neutron and a proton are equal in size but opposite in sign.
False.
Neutrons are neutral, so they don't have a charge.
The charges on an electron and a proton are equal in size but opposite in sign.
True or False?
The relative charge on a nucleus is dependent on the number of neutrons present in the nucleus. (Extended Tier Only)
False.
The relative charge on a nucleus is dependent on the number of protons present in the nucleus.
What is the relationship between proton number and relative charge? (Extended Tier Only)
The proton number is equal to the relative charge on the nucleus.
What is the relative charge on the nucleus of an atom of ${}_{12}^{24}{Mg}$ ? (Extended Tier Only)
The relative charge on the nucleus of an atom of ${}_{12}^{24}{Mg}$ is +12.
Define nuclear fission. (Extended Tier Only)
Nuclear fission is the splitting of a large, unstable nucleus into two smaller nuclei.
True or False?
Neutrons and gamma radiation can be released in nuclear fission reactions. (Extended Tier Only)
True.
When a nucleus splits, the two smaller (daughter) nuclei are released along with two or three neutrons, and gamma rays are also emitted.
Define nuclear fusion. (Extended Tier Only)
Nuclear fusion is when two light nuclei join to form a heavier nucleus.
True or False?
The equation below shows a nuclear fission reaction. (Extended Tier Only)
${}_{1}^{2}H + {}_{1}^{1}H \to {}_{2}^{3}{He}$
False.
The equation shows a nuclear fusion reaction, because two light nuclei join to form a heavier nucleus.
True or False?
Nuclear fusion requires extremely high temperatures to maintain. (Extended Tier Only)
True.
Nuclear fusion requires extremely high temperature and pressure, so it is very hard to reproduce on Earth.
True or False?
The amount of energy released during nuclear fusion is small. (Extended Tier Only)
False.
Massive amounts of energy are produced during nuclear fusion. This is how stars, in which hydrogen nuclei fuse to form helium nuclei, produce energy.
What type of reaction is shown in the nuclear equation below: nuclear fission or nuclear fusion? (Extended Tier Only)
${}_{92}^{235}U + {}_{0}^{1}n \to {}_{36}^{92}{Kr} + {}_{56}^{141}{Ba} + 3 {}_{0}^{1}n$
The type of reaction shown in the nuclide equation is nuclear fission.
A neutron collides with a large, unstable nucleus, which splits into two smaller nuclei and three neutrons.

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