Conservation & Management of Energy Resources (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE Environmental Management): Flashcards
Exam code: 0680
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Define cavity wall insulation.
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Define cavity wall insulation.
Cavity wall insulation is insulating material that fills the gap between the external walls of a building to reduce heat transfer through the walls.
Which travel choices reduce fuel demand?
Choosing to walk, cycle or use public transport reduces fuel demand.
In double glazing, the air trapped between the panes acts as an , preventing heat loss.
In double glazing, the air trapped between the panes acts as an insulator, preventing heat loss.
True or False?
Electrically propelled vehicles produce exhaust emissions while in use.
False.
Electrically propelled vehicles run on electricity instead of fossil fuels, so they produce no exhaust emissions during use.
How does insulation reduce energy use in summer?
In summer, insulation keeps hot air out, so homes need less air conditioning.
Define energy-efficient device.
An energy-efficient device is an appliance designed to use less electricity, such as an LED light.
How does upgrading electricity grids save energy?
Upgrading electricity grids reduces the energy lost during transmission.
Using local energy resources reduces a country's dependence on energy .
Using local energy resources reduces a country's dependence on energy imports.
How does education on energy conservation reduce energy use?
Education on energy conservation encourages long-term behaviour change, such as switching off unused appliances.
True or False?
Battery storage helps balance supply and demand for wind and solar power.
True.
Wind and solar power are intermittent, so batteries store their electricity for times when they are not generating.
Which transport policy discourages driving in busy city centres?
Congestion charges discourage driving in busy city centres.
Define battery storage system.
A battery storage system stores electricity for later use, for example during power cuts or peak demand.
How does developing new energy resources increase energy security?
Developing new energy resources reduces dependence on finite resources, which increases energy security.
Define blue hydrogen.
Blue hydrogen is hydrogen fuel made from natural gas.
What does hydrogen produce instead of carbon dioxide when it burns?
Burning hydrogen produces water vapour instead of carbon dioxide.
Which process makes blue hydrogen from natural gas?
Blue hydrogen comes from steam methane reforming, which reacts natural gas with steam.
True or False?
Making blue hydrogen releases no carbon dioxide into the atmosphere because none forms.
False.
The process does produce carbon dioxide, but carbon capture and storage (CCS) captures and stores it.
Define green hydrogen.
Green hydrogen is hydrogen fuel made using electricity from renewable energy, such as solar, wind or hydropower.
Define electrolysis.
Electrolysis is the splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen using electricity.
How can hydrogen help balance renewable energy supply?
Stored hydrogen can supply energy when needed, which helps balance renewable energy supply.
True or False?
Heat pumps make new heat to warm a building.
False.
Heat pumps transfer existing heat from the ground or the air into a building's heating system.
Why are ground source heat pump pipes buried underground?
The pipes go underground because the temperature there stays fairly constant.
The liquid in ground source heat pump pipes is water mixed with .
The liquid in ground source heat pump pipes is water mixed with antifreeze.
Which places suit ground source heat pumps?
Ground source heat pumps suit places with enough outdoor space for underground pipes.
What absorbs heat from the air in an air source heat pump?
A refrigerant fluid absorbs heat from the air in an air source heat pump.
Air source heat pumps work more effectively in climates where air temperatures stay higher.
Air source heat pumps work more effectively in mild climates where air temperatures stay higher.
Why are air source heat pumps easier to install than ground source systems?
Air source heat pumps are easier to install because they stay above ground.
What is the main limitation of reducing consumption?
Reducing consumption relies on people changing their behaviour, and some people may not be willing or able to.
Define energy-efficient device.
An energy-efficient device is an appliance or vehicle that uses less electricity or fuel, reducing total energy demand.
Fully electric vehicles produce no emissions, which improves air quality.
Fully electric vehicles produce no exhaust emissions, which improves air quality.
How does insulation cut heating needs in winter?
Insulation reduces heat loss, so homes need less heating in winter.
True or False?
Insulation is quick and cheap to fit in older homes.
False.
Insulation has a high upfront cost, especially in older homes, and major work on roofs, walls or floors can be disruptive.
Why can electric vehicle charging be inconvenient?
Electric vehicle charging can be inconvenient because charging points may be too slow or not widely available.
How does exploiting existing energy resources increase energy security?
Exploiting existing energy resources increases energy security by using local energy sources.
True or False?
Exploiting existing energy resources always lowers greenhouse gas emissions.
False.
If it means greater use of fossil fuels, exploiting existing resources increases emissions.
What kind of change does education on energy conservation encourage?
Education on energy conservation encourages long-term behaviour change in homes, schools and workplaces.
True or False?
Education alone can reduce energy demand without any supporting policies.
False.
Education needs supporting policies, because not everyone listens or changes their actions.
Why can transport policies fail to cut car use in some areas?
Some areas lack reliable public transport, so people find it hard to drive less.
Battery storage stores renewable energy for use during peak demand.
Battery storage stores excess renewable energy for use during peak demand.
Which type of raw material does battery storage require?
Battery storage requires rare minerals.
Why does battery storage create waste?
Batteries degrade over time, so they create waste when they need replacing.
Why is developing new energy resources slow and costly?
Developing new energy resources requires large investment and many years of research.
True or False?
Developing new energy resources increases reliance on fossil fuels.
False.
Developing new energy resources reduces reliance on fossil fuels, which improves future energy security.
How do cycle lanes and pedestrian zones benefit busy areas?
Cycle lanes and pedestrian zones lower emissions in busy areas.
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