Fracking (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE Environmental Management): Flashcards
Exam code: 0680
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Define fracking.
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Cards in this collection (19)
Define fracking.
Fracking is a method used to extract natural gas or petroleum from deep underground rock.
What is the full name for fracking?
The full name for fracking is hydraulic fracturing.
Fracking fluid is a mixture of water, and chemicals.
Fracking fluid is a mixture of water, sand and chemicals.
Which rock type does fracking target?
Fracking targets deep shale rock layers.
True or False?
Fracking pumps fluid into the rock at low pressure.
False.
Fracking pumps fluid at high pressure so that it fractures the rock.
What does the injected fluid create in the rock during fracking?
The injected fluid creates small cracks in the rock.
What happens to trapped gas or oil once the rock fractures?
The trapped gas or oil flows out of the rock through the cracks.
How does fracking collect the fuel?
Fracking collects the fuel through a well drilled into the rock layer.
How does fracking increase energy security?
Fracking increases the supply of natural gas and oil, which reduces dependence on imported fossil fuels.
True or False?
Burning natural gas releases more carbon dioxide than burning coal.
False.
Natural gas releases less carbon dioxide than coal when burned.
Fracking gives access to resources trapped in shale rock that were previously .
Fracking gives access to resources trapped in shale rock that were previously unreachable.
Which industries gain jobs from fracking?
Fracking creates jobs in drilling, transport and associated industries.
True or False?
Fracking needs only small amounts of water.
False.
Fracking uses very large amounts of water, which can strain local supplies.
What can contaminate groundwater near fracking sites?
The chemicals used in the fracking process can contaminate groundwater.
Define fracking wastewater.
Fracking wastewater is the waste fluid that fracking produces, which operators must treat or dispose of safely.
What can fracking trigger by fracturing rock and injecting fluid?
Fracking can trigger small earthquakes.
Apart from carbon dioxide, fracking results in emissions of gases such as .
Apart from carbon dioxide, fracking results in emissions of gases such as methane.
How does fracking add to greenhouse gas emissions?
Fracking increases the production of fossil fuels, which release greenhouse gases.
How easy is natural gas to transport?
Natural gas is relatively easy to transport.
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