True or False? The kinematic equations can be used for straight-line motion even if the acceleration changes.

False. The equations only apply when the acceleration is uniform (so average and instantaneous acceleration are equal) and the motion is along a straight line .

What does the slope of a position-versus-time graph represent?

The instantaneous velocity of the object.

What do the slope and the area under the curve of a velocity-versus-time graph represent?

Slope = acceleration Area under the curve = displacement

What do a straight line, a curve and a horizontal line represent on a position-versus-time graph?

Straight line = constant velocity Curve = acceleration Horizontal line = rest

What do the y-intercepts of a position-versus-time graph and a velocity-versus-time graph represent?

Position-versus-time graph: initial position Velocity-versus-time graph: initial velocity

How can the slope of a curve at a specific point be determined?

Draw a tangent to the curve at that point Calculate the slope of the tangent

The area under an acceleration-versus-time graph equals the change in .......... .

The area under an acceleration-versus-time graph equals the change in velocity .

True or False? A horizontal line on a velocity-versus-time graph means the object is at rest.

False. A horizontal line means constant velocity ; the object is at rest only if that constant velocity is zero .

Define reference frame .

A reference frame is a coordinate system in which an observer makes position and time measurements of physical events.

Define inertial reference frame .

An inertial reference frame is a nonaccelerating reference frame, which moves at a constant velocity .

The .......... of any object is the same as measured from all inertial reference frames.

The acceleration of any object is the same as measured from all inertial reference frames.

True or False? The velocity of an object is the same when measured from every reference frame.

False. Measurements such as position and velocity (including direction) depend on the reference frame of the observer.

AP®PhysicsCollege BoardPhysics 1: Algebra-BasedFlashcardsUnit 1: KinematicsRepresenting Motion

Representing Motion (College Board AP® Physics 1: Algebra-Based): Flashcards

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FrontKinematic Equations
State the kinematic equation used when displacement is not required.
BackKinematic Equations
$v_{x} = v_{x 0} + a_{x} t$
$v_{x}$ = final velocity (m/s)
$v_{x 0}$ = initial velocity (m/s)
$a_{x}$ = constant acceleration (m/s²)
$t$ = time interval (s)
BackKinematic Equations
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FrontKinematic Equations
State the kinematic equation used when final velocity is not required.
BackKinematic Equations
$x = x_{0} + v_{x 0} t + \frac{1}{2} a_{x} t^{2}$
$x$ = final position (m)
$x_{0}$ = initial position (m)
$v_{x 0}$ = initial velocity (m/s)
$a_{x}$ = constant acceleration (m/s²)
$t$ = time interval (s)
FrontKinematic Equations
State the kinematic equation used when time is not required.
BackKinematic Equations
$v_{x}^{2} = v_{x 0}^{2} + 2 a_{x} (x - x_{0})$
$v_{x}$ = final velocity (m/s)
$v_{x 0}$ = initial velocity (m/s)
$a_{x}$ = constant acceleration (m/s²)
$x - x_{0}$ = displacement (m)

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Cards in this collection (21)

State the kinematic equation used when displacement is not required.
$v_{x} = v_{x 0} + a_{x} t$
- $v_{x}$ = final velocity (m/s)
- $v_{x 0}$ = initial velocity (m/s)
- $a_{x}$ = constant acceleration (m/s²)
- $t$ = time interval (s)
State the kinematic equation used when final velocity is not required.
$x = x_{0} + v_{x 0} t + \frac{1}{2} a_{x} t^{2}$
- $x$ = final position (m)
- $x_{0}$ = initial position (m)
- $v_{x 0}$ = initial velocity (m/s)
- $a_{x}$ = constant acceleration (m/s²)
- $t$ = time interval (s)
State the kinematic equation used when time is not required.
$v_{x}^{2} = v_{x 0}^{2} + 2 a_{x} (x - x_{0})$
- $v_{x}$ = final velocity (m/s)
- $v_{x 0}$ = initial velocity (m/s)
- $a_{x}$ = constant acceleration (m/s²)
- $x - x_{0}$ = displacement (m)
The equation $∆ x = \frac{1}{2} (v_{x 0} + v_{x}) t$ is used when .......... is not required.
The equation $∆ x = \frac{1}{2} (v_{x 0} + v_{x}) t$ is used when acceleration is not required.
Which two values are implied when an object is dropped and falls freely?
- The initial velocity is zero
- The acceleration equals the acceleration of free fall, $g = 10$ m/s²
True or False?
The kinematic equations can be used for straight-line motion even if the acceleration changes.
False.
The equations only apply when the acceleration is uniform (so average and instantaneous acceleration are equal) and the motion is along a straight line.
What does the slope of a position-versus-time graph represent?
The instantaneous velocity of the object.
What do the slope and the area under the curve of a velocity-versus-time graph represent?
- Slope = acceleration
- Area under the curve = displacement
What do a straight line, a curve and a horizontal line represent on a position-versus-time graph?
- Straight line = constant velocity
- Curve = acceleration
- Horizontal line = rest
What do the y-intercepts of a position-versus-time graph and a velocity-versus-time graph represent?
- Position-versus-time graph: initial position
- Velocity-versus-time graph: initial velocity
State the equation for the slope of a straight-line graph.
$slope = \frac{∆ y}{∆ x}$
- $∆ y$ = change in the quantity on the y-axis
- $∆ x$ = change in the quantity on the x-axis
How can the slope of a curve at a specific point be determined?
- Draw a tangent to the curve at that point
- Calculate the slope of the tangent
The area under an acceleration-versus-time graph equals the change in ...........
The area under an acceleration-versus-time graph equals the change in velocity.
True or False?
A horizontal line on a velocity-versus-time graph means the object is at rest.
False.
A horizontal line means constant velocity; the object is at rest only if that constant velocity is zero.
Define reference frame.
A reference frame is a coordinate system in which an observer makes position and time measurements of physical events.
Define inertial reference frame.
An inertial reference frame is a nonaccelerating reference frame, which moves at a constant velocity.
How is the velocity of an object converted into the reference frame of a moving observer?
Subtract the observer's velocity from the object's velocity:
${\vec{v}}_{observed} = {\vec{v}}_{object} - {\vec{v}}_{observer}$
A car travels at 5 m/s and a truck at 10 m/s in the same direction, both measured from the road. What velocity of the truck does the car measure?
$10 - 5 = 5$ m/s in the forward direction
A car moves in the positive direction and an observer stands 10 m ahead of it. What is the car's position in the observer's reference frame?
$x_{0} = - 10$ m, because the car is behind the observer in the negative direction.
The .......... of any object is the same as measured from all inertial reference frames.
The acceleration of any object is the same as measured from all inertial reference frames.
True or False?
The velocity of an object is the same when measured from every reference frame.
False.
Measurements such as position and velocity (including direction) depend on the reference frame of the observer.

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