Define equilibrium position .

An equilibrium position is a location at which the net force exerted on an object is zero .

Define restoring force .

A restoring force always acts in a direction opposite to the object's displacement from an equilibrium position.

What is the condition for simple harmonic motion?

The restoring force is proportional to the object's displacement from the equilibrium position but in the opposite direction.

Name two systems that can exhibit simple harmonic motion .

An object attached to a spring oscillating horizontally across a frictionless surface (an object-ideal spring system ) A pendulum with a small angular displacement

Why can a pendulum only be modeled as SHM at small angles ?

The restoring torque is only proportional to the angular displacement for small angular displacements.

Simple harmonic motion is a special case of .......... motion.

Simple harmonic motion is a special case of periodic motion.

True or False? In an object-ideal spring system, the acceleration of the object is greatest at the equilibrium position.

False. The acceleration is proportional to the displacement, so it is zero at the equilibrium position, where the displacement is zero.

Define period of a system in SHM.

The period is the time taken for one complete cycle to occur.

Define frequency of a system in SHM.

The frequency is the number of cycles completed in one second .

How does the amplitude affect the period of a system in SHM?

It has no effect . Changing the amplitude leaves the period and frequency unchanged.

The period equation for a pendulum only applies when it is displaced by a .......... angle.

The period equation for a pendulum only applies when it is displaced by a small angle.

AP®PhysicsCollege BoardPhysics 1: Algebra-BasedFlashcardsUnit 7: OscillationsSimple Harmonic Motion

Simple Harmonic Motion (College Board AP® Physics 1: Algebra-Based): Flashcards

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FrontDefining Simple Harmonic Motion
Define equilibrium position.

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Cards in this collection (16)

Define equilibrium position.
An equilibrium position is a location at which the net force exerted on an object is zero.
Define restoring force.
A restoring force always acts in a direction opposite to the object's displacement from an equilibrium position.
What is the condition for simple harmonic motion?
The restoring force is proportional to the object's displacement from the equilibrium position but in the opposite direction.
Name two systems that can exhibit simple harmonic motion.
- An object attached to a spring oscillating horizontally across a frictionless surface (an object-ideal spring system)
- A pendulum with a small angular displacement
State the derived equation for an object-ideal spring system.
$m a_{x} = - k ∆ x$
- $m$ = mass of the object (kg)
- $a_{x}$ = acceleration in the x direction (m/s²)
- $k$ = spring constant (N/m)
- $∆ x$ = displacement from equilibrium (m)
Why can a pendulum only be modeled as SHM at small angles?
The restoring torque is only proportional to the angular displacement for small angular displacements.
Simple harmonic motion is a special case of .......... motion.
Simple harmonic motion is a special case of periodic motion.
True or False?
In an object-ideal spring system, the acceleration of the object is greatest at the equilibrium position.
False.
The acceleration is proportional to the displacement, so it is zero at the equilibrium position, where the displacement is zero.
Define period of a system in SHM.
The period is the time taken for one complete cycle to occur.
Define frequency of a system in SHM.
The frequency is the number of cycles completed in one second.
State the relationship between period and frequency.
$T = \frac{1}{f}$
- $T$ = period (s)
- $f$ = frequency (Hz)
How does the amplitude affect the period of a system in SHM?
It has no effect. Changing the amplitude leaves the period and frequency unchanged.
State the equation for the period of an object-ideal spring system.
$T_{s} = 2 π \sqrt{\frac{m}{k}}$
- $T_{s}$ = period (s)
- $m$ = mass of the object (kg)
- $k$ = spring constant (N/m)
State the equation for the period of a simple pendulum.
$T_{p} = 2 π \sqrt{\frac{l}{g}}$
- $T_{p}$ = period (s)
- $l$ = length of the string (m)
- $g$ = acceleration due to gravity at Earth's surface (m/s²)
The period equation for a pendulum only applies when it is displaced by a .......... angle.
The period equation for a pendulum only applies when it is displaced by a small angle.
True or False?
Doubling the mass on an ideal spring does not change its period.
False.
The period depends on mass because $T_{s} = 2 π \sqrt{\frac{m}{k}}$ , so a larger mass gives a longer period.

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