AP®PsychologyCollege BoardExam QuestionsSocial Psychology & PersonalityAttitude Formation & Attitude Change

Attitude Formation & Attitude Change (College Board AP® Psychology): Exam Questions

2 mins2 questions
1
1 mark

After reluctantly agreeing to volunteer at a charity event, a woman finds herself telling friends that she has always cared deeply about the cause. According to Festinger's theory, which of the following best explains her change in stated attitude?

  • Elaborative encoding caused her to associate the charity with positive memories

  • Reciprocal determinism led her to model the attitudes of those around her

  • Cognitive dissonance motivated her to align her attitude with her behavior

  • The self-reference effect made the cause personally relevant to her

Choose your answer

2
1 mark

Researchers divide participants into two groups based on a coin flip and ask them to rate artwork created by members of their own group versus artwork created by members of the other group. Despite having no meaningful connection to their assigned group, participants consistently rate their own group's artwork more favorably.

Which of the following concepts best explains this finding?

  • The scapegoat theory of prejudice

  • In-group bias

  • The just-world hypothesis

  • Realistic conflict theory

Choose your answer