Predicting the Type of Polymerisation (Cambridge (CIE) A Level Chemistry): Flashcards
Exam code: 9701
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What functional group in a monomer indicates that addition polymerisation will occur?
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What functional group in a monomer indicates that addition polymerisation will occur?
A C=C double bond. The double bond opens to allow monomers to add on either side, forming a (poly)alkene chain without expelling any small molecule.
True or False?
Addition polymers have functional groups in their polymer backbone.
False.
Addition polymers have a plain carbon chain as their backbone with no functional groups. Functional groups only appear as side chains (e.g. benzene rings, halogen atoms or -CN groups).
Define copolymer.
A copolymer is a polymer produced when two or more different alkene monomers undergo addition polymerisation together.
How can you deduce from a polymer structure that it was formed by condensation polymerisation?
Look at the polymer backbone. If it contains functional groups such as ester links (-COO-) or amide links (-CONH-), it was formed by condensation polymerisation.
Monomers containing only C=C double bonds undergo .......... polymerisation. Monomers containing -NH2 and -COOH groups undergo .......... polymerisation to form a polyamide.
Monomers containing only C=C double bonds undergo addition polymerisation. Monomers containing -NH2 and -COOH groups undergo condensation polymerisation to form a polyamide.
True or False?
Acyl chlorides can react with alcohols to form polyesters by condensation polymerisation, expelling HCl.
True.
Acyl chlorides (-COCl) react with alcohols (-OH) in condensation polymerisation to form polyesters. HCl is the small molecule expelled at each ester link formed.
An amino acid contains both -NH2 and -COOH groups. What type of polymer does it form and what is the link called?
It forms a polyamide by condensation polymerisation. The link formed between adjacent amino acids is called a peptide link (amide link), and water is eliminated.
Define addition polymerisation.
An addition polymerisation is a type of polymerisation in which monomers with C=C double bonds join together to form a polymer chain without expelling any small molecule.
A polymer with ester links in its backbone is a .......... . A polymer with a plain carbon-chain backbone and no backbone functional groups is an .......... polymer.
A polymer with ester links in its backbone is a polyester. A polymer with a plain carbon-chain backbone and no backbone functional groups is an addition polymer.
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