APA Ethical Guidelines (College Board AP® Psychology): Flashcards
0Still learning
Know0
Define Institutional Review Board (IRB).
Was this flashcard helpful?
Cards in this collection (12)
Define Institutional Review Board (IRB).
An Institutional Review Board is an independent committee that reviews proposed research to ensure it meets ethical standards before a study begins.
How do confidentiality and anonymity differ?
Confidentiality means the data collected is kept private and not shared outside the research team, while anonymity means the participant's identity cannot be traced from the data at all.
True or False?
In Zimbardo's Stanford Prison Experiment, participants who wished to leave were free to withdraw without pressure.
False.
Zimbardo, acting as prison superintendent, pressured participants to stay, which violated their right to withdraw.
Define informed assent.
Informed assent is a participant's own age-appropriate agreement to take part in a study when they cannot legally give consent themselves, usually because they are under 18.
Milgram (1963) told participants his study was investigating the effect of __________________ on learning, concealing the true aim of obedience.
Milgram (1963) told participants his study was investigating the effect of punishment on learning, concealing the true aim of obedience.
When is a debrief mandatory in a research study?
A debrief is mandatory whenever deception has been used, so that the true aim can be revealed and participants can withdraw their data if they wish.
Define deception.
Deception occurs when participants are given false information about the aim or procedure of a study, or when fake elements are introduced into the research.
True or False?
Covert observation of behavior in a public setting generally does not violate the privacy guideline.
True.
Observing behavior that is already occurring in a public context is generally acceptable, whereas covert observation in a private space such as a changing room would be a serious ethical violation.
What must happen to the data of a participant who withdraws from a study?
Any data collected from a participant who withdraws must be destroyed, along with any personal details the researcher holds.
In Zimbardo's Stanford Prison Experiment, participants assigned the role of prisoner experienced significant ________________________ distress.
In Zimbardo's Stanford Prison Experiment, participants assigned the role of prisoner experienced significant psychological distress.
Define right to withdraw.
The right to withdraw is the participant's ability to leave a study at any time, including after the procedure has ended, without penalty or negative consequences.
State one condition under which research using non-human animals is ethically justified.
Animal research is justified when it addresses a significant scientific question that cannot be investigated using human participants and the benefits clearly outweigh the costs to the animals.
Sign up to unlock flashcards
or