Factors Affecting Educational Achievement: Ethnicity (AQA GCSE Sociology): Flashcards
Exam code: 8192
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Which minority ethnic groups tend to achieve better results in public exams?
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Cards in this collection (21)
Which minority ethnic groups tend to achieve better results in public exams?
Chinese and Indian students tend to achieve better results than groups such as Black Caribbean and Pakistani students.
True or False?
White working-class boys achieve the highest GCSE grades of any group.
False.
White working-class boys achieve the lowest GCSE grades compared to other ethnic groups.
Why is the category 'Asian' a problem in statistics on educational achievement?
The category is too general, hiding differences in achievement between Indian, Pakistani and Bangladeshi students.
Give two reasons why some ethnic minorities are at greater risk of material deprivation.
Some ethnic minorities are at greater risk of material deprivation because many live in areas of high unemployment, may lack language skills or UK-recognised qualifications and face racial discrimination in the labour and housing markets.
Almost half of ethnic minority children live in households, compared to a quarter of white children.
Almost half of ethnic minority children live in low-income households, compared to a quarter of white children.
Why is it important to consider social class when comparing the achievement of ethnic groups?
It is important to consider social class when comparing the achievement of ethnic groups because some differences reflect social class; for example, Indian pupils, who generally achieve above average, are likely to come from wealthier backgrounds.
Why may some ethnic minority students be disadvantaged by school culture?
Some ethnic minority students may be disadvantaged by school culture because schools are seen as places where white, mainstream norms and values dominate, which may differ from their own.
True or False?
Not speaking English at home always leads to educational underachievement.
False.
Indian students do very well educationally despite often not having English as their first language.
How does cultural capital give white middle-class parents an advantage?
Cultural capital gives white middle-class parents an advantage because they can draw on their own learning to help with homework, and their knowledge of the UK education system advantages their children.
How do British Chinese parents influence their children's education?
British Chinese parents value education, so their children develop high educational aspirations out of respect for their elders.
How do some Indian families influence their children's achievement?
Indian families may put pressure on their children to succeed, which affects their performance positively.
According to some research, what is the main factor explaining ethnic differences in attainment?
The type of school attended is the main factor, as minority ethnic students in good schools do as well as white students.
Which students may teachers have higher expectations of?
Teachers may have higher expectations of Chinese and Indian students, who are seen as capable and hard-working.
How may teachers stereotype Asian girls?
Teachers may stereotype Asian girls as quiet and passive.
How might low teacher expectations affect Black Caribbean students?
Low teacher expectations mean Black Caribbean students may receive less encouragement, and teachers' labels may lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy.
Define institutional racism.
Institutional racism is when an organisation inadvertently fails to provide an appropriate service to people because of their ethnic origin, culture or colour.
Give two examples of institutional racism in schools.
Examples of institutional racism in schools include the high rate of fixed-term exclusion of Black Caribbean students and clothing and hairstyle rules that ignore some minority cultures' norms.
Define ethnocentric curriculum.
An ethnocentric curriculum is one that is biased towards white European culture.
Many sociologists see the ethnocentric curriculum as a prime example of racism.
Many sociologists see the ethnocentric curriculum as a prime example of institutional racism.
Why is the ethnocentric curriculum seen as an example of institutional racism?
The ethnocentric curriculum is seen as institutional racism because it builds a racial bias into the everyday workings of schools and colleges.
True or False?
The ethnocentric curriculum has no effect on the achievement of ethnic minority students.
False.
It may lead to underachievement, as students may feel undervalued, alienated and inferior, undermining their self-esteem.
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