Conjugal Role Relationships (AQA GCSE Sociology): Flashcards
Exam code: 8192
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Define conjugal roles.
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Cards in this collection (26)
Define conjugal roles.
Conjugal roles are the domestic roles of married or cohabiting partners.
Define segregated conjugal roles.
Segregated conjugal roles are where household tasks are divided by gender, with separate leisure time and roles that are separate and unequal.
Define joint conjugal roles.
Joint conjugal roles are where partners share household tasks, leisure time and financial decisions, and roles are collaborative and equal.
Which sociologist identified joint and segregated conjugal roles?
Bott (1971) identified joint and segregated conjugal roles using in-depth interviews with 20 London families.
True or False?
In the early 20th century, middle-class wives were expected to go out to work.
False.
Middle-class wives were expected to supervise household employees; it was many working-class women who had to work as well as do housework.
In Parsons' functionalist model, what is the difference between instrumental and expressive roles?
In Parsons' model, the man takes the instrumental role as breadwinner, while the woman takes the expressive role of providing care and emotional support.
What did Parsons believe instrumental and expressive roles were based on?
Parsons believed these roles were allocated according to biological differences between men and women.
Define symmetrical family.
A symmetrical family is one with more equality between spouses, where each makes a similar contribution to the home and decisions are shared.
Which research methods did Willmott and Young use to study the symmetrical family?
Willmott and Young used structured interviews with nearly 2000 people and a time budget diary study, a mixed methods approach.
Willmott and Young's principle of states that social changes start at the top of the stratification system and filter downwards.
Willmott and Young's principle of stratified diffusion states that social changes start at the top of the stratification system and filter downwards.
Give two reasons for the move towards the symmetrical family.
Reasons for the move towards the symmetrical family include the rise of feminism, legal changes such as the Equal Pay Act (1970), effective birth control, women's financial independence and more home-based leisure.
What did Oakley's research find about the symmetrical family?
Oakley found little evidence of symmetry, as women in paid work still had the main responsibility for housework.
Define triple shift.
The triple shift, identified by Duncombe and Marsden, is where women do paid work, domestic work and emotional work.
True or False?
Marxists believe that unequal gender roles in the family weaken capitalism.
False.
Marxists argue unequal roles support capitalism, as women's unpaid housework and emotional work provide healthy, happy workers.
What type of data did Oakley use in her analysis of the conventional family?
Oakley used secondary data, reviewing the work of other sociologists and supporting it with official statistics.
Define conventional family.
According to Oakley, the conventional family is a nuclear family that reinforces patriarchal relationships, with women doing unpaid work at home and men doing paid work.
According to Oakley, what creates gender inequality in the conventional family?
Gender inequality is created by the woman's dependence on the man's wages, especially when children are young.
True or False?
Oakley argued that the conventional family is still the dominant family form.
False.
Oakley argued that the conventional family is no longer the dominant family form, although it is still idealised.
According to Oakley, how can the conventional family harm its members?
The conventional family can be stressful, as mothers may suffer depression and men may develop health issues from the pressure of providing.
What did Willmott and Young find about decision-making in symmetrical families?
Willmott and Young noted a rise in shared decision-making, including financial decisions.
Pahl found that men have more power than women in relationships because they dominate .
Pahl found that men have more power than women in relationships because they dominate decision-making.
What did Pahl find about the control of finances in marriages?
Pahl found that in many marriages husbands control the finances, so women and children sometimes live in poverty even when the man has a good income.
Define domestic violence.
Domestic violence is a form of power and control within families in which one family member is violent or abusive towards another.
Give two reasons why domestic violence is often not reported to the police.
Domestic violence is often not reported because victims may believe it is best handled in the privacy of the home, fear the repercussions or believe the police can do nothing, and men may be reluctant to disclose abuse.
Which victim survey is used to measure the extent of domestic violence?
The extent of domestic violence is measured by the Crime Survey for England and Wales.
True or False?
Feminists argue that the rise in domestic violence supports the functionalist view of the family.
False.
Feminists argue it shows that families are not always safe havens and do not always improve members' well-being.
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