Earthquakes & Volcanoes (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE Environmental Management): Exam Questions

Exam code: 0680

16 mins6 questions
1
1 mark

Iceland is situated on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge plate boundary.

Figure 4.1 shows the plates, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the location of Iceland's major volcanoes.

Map of Iceland showing the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, major volcanoes and plate movement. The grey ridge separates the North American and Eurasian plates, with arrows moving apart; symbols mark the capital city and volcanoes including Eyjafjallajökull and Surtsey.
Figure 4.1

State the type of plate boundary that occurs in Iceland.

2
3 marks

Iceland is situated on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge plate boundary.

Figure 4.1 shows the plates, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the location of Iceland's major volcanoes.

Map of Iceland showing the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, major volcanoes and plate movement. The grey ridge separates the North American and Eurasian plates, with arrows moving apart; symbols mark the capital city and volcanoes including Eyjafjallajökull and Surtsey.
Figure 4.1

Use Figure 4.1 to describe the distribution of major volcanoes in Iceland.

3
2 marks

The volcanic explosivity index, VEI, is a measure of the explosiveness of volcanic eruptions.

A VEI value of 0 is the least explosive and a VEI value of 8 is the most explosive.

Figure 4.2 shows the VEI value for some eruptions around the world.

Bar chart of number of eruptions against VEI, showing VEI 2–7 on the horizontal axis and zero to 4,000 eruptions on the vertical axis.
Figure 4.2

Describe what Figure 4.2 shows about these volcanic eruptions.

4
5 marks

Table 4.1 compares two volcanic eruptions, A and B, in 2010.

Table 4.1

volcanic eruption

A

B

country

Iceland

Indonesia

location

Eyjafjallajökull

Mount Merapi

number of deaths

0

353

VEI value

4

4

world bank classification of country

HIC

MIC

Suggest why the number of deaths from eruption A was lower than the number of deaths from eruption B.

5
2 marks

During volcanic eruptions, magma rises to the surface to form lava.

Name two other substances emitted from volcanoes.

6
3 marks

Volcanic activity provides opportunities for people.

State three of these opportunities.