Effects of Using IT (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE ICT): Flashcards
Exam code: 0417 & 0983
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Define microprocessor.
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Cards in this collection (24)
Define microprocessor.
A microprocessor is an integrated circuit that contains a central processing unit, and it is responsible for executing instructions.
Give three devices in the home that microprocessors monitor and control.
Microprocessors in the home monitor and control central heating systems, security alarm systems and home entertainment systems.
Name the three areas of life affected by microprocessor-controlled devices in the home.
They affect lifestyle, leisure and physical fitness.
Give two positive effects of microprocessor-controlled devices on lifestyle.
They mean fewer manual tasks, devices can be controlled from outside the home, and live security alerts can be sent straight to a smartphone or computer.
True or False?
Microprocessor-controlled devices only have positive effects on physical fitness.
False.
They can cause a loss of fitness through fewer manual tasks, make people lazy through dependence on devices, create unrealistic expectations by comparing progress with others, and biometric data is not always accurate.
Give two negative effects of smart devices on social interaction.
They can lead to social isolation, increased anxiety from a lack of interaction, and differences in the way people behave online compared to offline.
Why does any device fitted with a microprocessor create a security risk?
Any device fitted with a microprocessor is open to cybercriminal activity, giving hackers more opportunities, for example hacking smart home cameras and locks, or monitoring smart heating patterns to work out when people are at home.
Give four transport systems that microprocessors monitor and control.
Microprocessors are used in traffic management such as smart motorways, ANPR, air traffic control in airports and railway signalling.
Give two advantages of monitoring and controlling transport with microprocessors.
There is less human error, reducing accidents; efficient scheduling means more trains or aeroplanes can run; ANPR can automatically penalise offences and check insurance; and smart motorways adapt in real time to reduce journey times.
Give two disadvantages of monitoring and controlling transport with microprocessors.
If the system fails the whole transport system stops, it is open to attack by cybercriminals, ANPR raises privacy concerns by collecting data, and design flaws can lead to safety concerns.
Autonomous vehicles use sensors, cameras, actuators and microprocessors to travel without intervention.
Autonomous vehicles use sensors, cameras, actuators and microprocessors to travel without human intervention.
Give two advantages and two disadvantages of autonomous vehicles.
They are better for the environment through efficiency, safer with no human error, and reduce traffic congestion. However they are expensive, raise security concerns around software updates, need higher maintenance, could cause unemployment, and face user reluctance.
Name the four health issues caused by prolonged use of IT.
The four health issues are repetitive strain injury (RSI), back and neck problems, eye strain and headaches.
Define repetitive strain injury.
Repetitive strain injury is damage to the fingers, wrists and joints, traditionally caused by prolonged use of a keyboard and mouse.
Give three effects of repetitive strain injury.
The effects of RSI are pain, numbness, weakness and stiffness.
Give three ways to reduce the risk of repetitive strain injury.
Have the correct posture, use a wrist support if necessary, take regular breaks, and use an ergonomic keyboard.
What causes back and neck problems when using IT?
Back and neck problems are caused by sitting in front of a computer screen for prolonged periods of time.
Give three ways to reduce the risk of back and neck problems.
Use an adjustable chair, take regular breaks, and use a foot rest.
What causes eye strain?
Eye strain is caused by staring at a computer screen for prolonged periods of time, or by incorrect lighting causing reflections.
Give three effects of eye strain.
The effects of eye strain are headaches, vision problems such as blurred or double vision and light sensitivity, and general discomfort.
Give three ways to reduce the risk of eye strain.
Take regular breaks, use an anti-glare screen filter, and change from a CRT to an LCD monitor.
True or False?
Headaches when using IT are caused by a single factor.
False.
Headaches are caused by a combination of factors, including poor lighting, flickering screens, reflections and fatigue.
To reduce the risk of headaches a user should take regular breaks, use an anti-glare screen filter and have regular tests.
To reduce the risk of headaches a user should take regular breaks, use an anti-glare screen filter and have regular eye tests.
Which single prevention strategy applies to all four health issues?
Taking regular breaks is recommended for RSI, back and neck problems, eye strain and headaches.
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