1
4 marks
Outline the global pattern of energy production and consumption.
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Natural Resource Issues (AQA A Level Geography): Exam Questions
Exam code: 7037
2 hours13 questions
2
4 marks
Outline the factors that affect the global availability of water.
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3
1 mark
Which of the following is most likely to create geopolitical tension over water?
A country recycling its waste water for use in agriculture.
A country reducing domestic water consumption through metering.
An upstream country building a large dam on a river that flows into other countries.
A country investing in desalination plants along its own coastline.
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4
1 mark
Which of the following best explains why some countries have greater energy security than others?
They are located closer to the Equator, where solar energy is strongest.
They have large domestic reserves of energy resources and do not depend heavily on imports.
They have smaller populations and therefore use no fossil fuels.
They import all of their energy from a single foreign supplier.
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5
4 marks
Outline reasons why some countries experience energy insecurity.
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1
9 marks
Figure 10a shows selected gas pipelines and liquefied natural gas terminals in Europe in 2014.
Figure 10b shows gas consumption and the level of dependence on Russian gas in 2014.
Figure 10a
selected gas pipelines and liquefied natural gas terminals in Europe in 2014
Figure 10b
gas consumption and the level of dependence on Russian gas in 2014
Using Figure 10a, Figure 10b and your own knowledge, how far do you agree that geopolitics are important in ensuring energy security in Europe?
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2
6 marks
Analyse the data shown in Figure 1, which shows water stress indicators for selected countries.
Figure 1: Water stress indicators for selected countries, 2020
Country | Annual freshwater withdrawal (billion m³) | Withdrawal as % of internal renewable water resources | Per capita water availability (m³/person/year) | Water stress classification |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Saudi Arabia | 22.4 | 943% | 78 | Extremely high |
Egypt | 77.5 | 134% | 570 | High |
India | 647 | 68% | 1,181 | High |
United Kingdom | 10.0 | 18% | 2,250 | Low–Medium |
Brazil | 74.6 | 2% | 27,400 | Low |
Source: AQUASTAT / World Resources Institute Aqueduct, 2020.
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3
6 marks
Study Figure 1, which shows oil production and consumption for five world regions in 2020, in million barrels per day.
Figure 1: Oil production and consumption by world region, 2020 (million barrels per day)
Region | Oil production (million barrels per day) | Oil consumption (million barrels per day) |
|---|---|---|
Middle East | 31 | 9 |
North America | 25 | 23 |
Asia-Pacific | 8 | 38 |
Europe | 4 | 15 |
Africa | 7 | 4 |
Analyse the data shown in Figure 1.
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4
9 marks
Assess the view that water is becoming a major source of geopolitical tension.
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5
9 marks
To what extent is rising demand, rather than physical availability, the main cause of water scarcity?
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1
20 marks
‘Challenges presented by the physical environment affecting the availability and cost of a resource, will be overcome by future technological and economic developments.’ With reference to a specific place, to what extent do you agree with this statement?
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2
20 marks
Assess the view that the geopolitics of energy and ore minerals poses a greater threat to global stability than the geopolitics of water.
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3
20 marks
Assess the view that the uneven global pattern of resource production and consumption is the main cause of resource insecurity.
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