Outline the global distribution of cold environments.
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Exam code: 7037
Outline the global distribution of cold environments.
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Outline the climatic characteristics of cold environments.
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Outline the characteristics of soils in cold environments.
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Explain why nutrient cycling is slow in cold environments.
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Outline the past distribution of cold environments.
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Figure 8 shows an area of tundra vegetation in the Sajama National Park, Bolivia.
Figure 8

Using Figure 8 and your own knowledge, assess the view that temperature variation is the most significant factor in the development of this vegetation.
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Study Figure 1, which shows the mean monthly temperature and precipitation at a cold-environment weather station.

Using Figure 1, analyse the climate data shown.
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Study Figure 2, which shows global mean temperature and sea level over the last 25,000 years.

Using Figure 2, analyse the changes shown.
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Study Figure 3, which shows how the altitude of the permanent snowline changes with latitude.

Using Figure 3 and your own knowledge, assess the importance of altitude in the distribution of cold environments.
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Study Figure 4, which shows the mean annual precipitation of selected environments.
Figure 4 — Mean annual precipitation of selected environments
Location | Mean annual precipitation (mm) |
|---|---|
Antarctica (interior) | under 50 |
Arctic (Svalbard) | about 200 |
Sahara Desert | under 25 |
United Kingdom (for comparison) | about 1150 |
Using Figure 4 and your own knowledge, assess the view that cold environments are best described as cold deserts.
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'The distribution of cold environments is controlled more by latitude than by altitude.'
To what extent do you agree?
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'The physical characteristics of cold environments are determined mainly by their low temperatures.'
To what extent do you agree?
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Assess the importance of past climate change in shaping the cold environments seen today.
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