Types of Peripheral Devices (Edexcel IGCSE ICT): Flashcards
Exam code: 4IT1
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Define input device.
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Define input device.
An input device is a hardware component that allows users to input data or commands into the system, which the computer then processes to produce an output.
What does OMR stand for, and what does it read?
OMR stands for Optical Mark Recognition, and it reads marks made in pen or pencil, for example on an exam paper.
What does OCR stand for, and what does it do?
OCR stands for Optical Character Recognition, and it converts text into digital data.
True or False?
Optical Mark Recognition can read handwriting.
False.
OMR is limited to specific forms and cannot read handwriting; the form must also be completed accurately.
How does a resistive touchscreen register a touch?
Pressure causes the layers to 'touch', and this type of screen is durable.
How does a capacitive touchscreen register a touch?
The screen conducts electricity, so a finger causes a change in electrical charge that can be measured precisely.
Give two disadvantages of a barcode scanner.
A barcode scanner requires line-of-sight, barcodes are easily damaged, and barcodes can be swapped or altered by consumers.
What does a biometric scanner recognise?
A biometric scanner uses fingerprint, facial, voice or iris recognition.
Give one advantage and one disadvantage of an RFID reader for contactless payments.
RFID gives a fast transaction with no PIN and transfers data wirelessly and securely, but the transaction limit is smaller and RFID signals can be read or intercepted.
Data from an analogue sensor must be converted to digital data using an .
Data from an analogue sensor must be converted to digital data using an ADC.
Give one advantage of using sensors to collect data.
Sensors are generally accurate, provide real-time information, work automatically, and can collect data from places where there may be a threat to human life.
Define output device.
An output device is a hardware component that receives information from a computer system and presents it to the user in a comprehensible form.
How are the screen size and the resolution of a monitor each measured?
Screen size is measured diagonally in inches, while resolution is the number of pixels measured horizontally across the screen.
What is the key difference between how a laser printer and an inkjet printer put an image on paper?
A laser printer uses electronically charged toner, which is dry ink, while an inkjet printer sprays tiny dots of wet ink separated into black, cyan, magenta and yellow.
How does a dot matrix printer put ink on paper, and when is it useful?
Paper is impacted through a ribbon of ink, which makes it useful when printing multiple copies or multi-part forms.
Name two peripheral devices that could be used to input text by people who cannot use a mouse and keyboard.
Options include a microphone, a touchscreen, a trackpad, a graphics tablet, and a camera, eye tracker or gesture reader.
Define storage device.
A storage device is the hardware that reads from and writes to different storage media, providing non-volatile secondary storage that retains digital data within a computer system.
Name the three types of storage device.
The three types are magnetic, solid state and optical.
How does magnetic storage represent binary 0s and 1s?
Magnetic storage uses magnets (polarity) to store binary 0s and 1s.
How does solid state storage represent binary 0s and 1s?
Solid state storage uses electronic circuits to store binary 0s and 1s.
How does optical storage represent binary 0s and 1s?
Optical storage uses lasers to burn the surface of a disk, creating pits and lands suitable for storing binary 0s and 1s.
Give two advantages of magnetic storage.
Magnetic storage offers high capacity and a low cost per gigabyte, with moderate read/write speed.
Give three disadvantages of magnetic storage.
Magnetic storage has poor durability because moving parts can be damaged if dropped, poor portability because it is heavy and bulky, poor reliability because it is prone to mechanical failure, and it is noisy because the disks spin.
Give two disadvantages of solid state storage.
Solid state storage has a very high cost per gigabyte and limited read/write cycles.
True or False?
Optical storage has a very high capacity and very fast read/write access.
False.
Optical storage has very low capacity and very slow read/write access; its advantage is a very low cost per gigabyte.
Why is solid state storage a good choice for a smartphone?
Solid state storage has no moving parts, so there is less risk of damage from movement, it takes up less space and it uses less power, giving longer battery life.
Define capacity of storage.
Capacity of storage describes the amount of binary digits that can be stored on a digital device.
How many bits are in a nibble, and how many are in a byte?
A nibble is 4 bits and a byte is 8 bits.
1 kibibyte (KiB) is bytes, because binary prefixes work to the power of 2.
1 kibibyte (KiB) is 1024 bytes, because binary prefixes work to the power of 2.
What is the difference between a kibibyte and a kilobyte?
A kibibyte uses binary prefixes and is 1024, while a kilobyte uses decimal prefixes and is 1000.
Define storage media.
Storage media is the physical media that holds non-volatile data.
How does a storage device interact with its storage media?
Each storage device has a specific read/write mechanism built in to interact with a particular storage media, so magnetic tape media is read by a magnetic storage device.
What is a hard disk made up of?
A hard disk is made up of platters that spin on a central spindle, with a read/write head that moves on an arm across the platter.
What two things influence how long a hard disk takes to read or write data?
The time taken depends on how fast the platters spin, measured in revolutions per minute (RPM), and how fast the head moves across the platter.
Give three uses of hard disks.
Hard disks are used in personal computers, servers and backups.
What is the difference between recordable and re-writable optical media?
All optical media is recordable (CD-R, DVD-R, BD-R), but only some can be re-written (CD-RW, DVD-RW, BD-RE).
A CD holds up to of data.
A CD holds up to 700 MB of data.
How much data does a single sided, single layer DVD hold?
A single sided, single layer DVD holds 4.7 GB, rising to 18 GB for double sided, double layer.
How much data does a single sided Blu-ray disc hold?
A single sided Blu-ray holds 25 GB, and a double sided one holds 50 GB.
Why is flash media more reliable than a hard disk?
Flash media contains no moving parts, and it also has very fast read/write speeds.
True or False?
Magnetic tape has very fast read/write speeds.
False.
Magnetic tape has very slow read/write speeds, which is why it is used for whole system backups and archives rather than everyday access.
What is magnetic tape now used for?
Magnetic tape is old technology originally used for recording sound, and is now used to store vast amounts of data for whole system backups and archives.
How many bits are there in 64 MiB?
64 MiB is 64 × 1024² × 8 bits, which is 536,870,912 bits.
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