1
1 mark
Which two elements are the most commonly found in the Sun?
Hydrogen and oxygen
Helium and carbon
Hydrogen and helium
Nitrogen and oxygen
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Stars & The Universe (Cambridge (CIE) O Level Physics): Exam Questions
Exam code: 5054
2 hours24 questions
2
1 mark
Light from distant galaxies appears red-shifted to observers on Earth.
Which of the following ideas does this provide evidence for?
The Big Bang Theory
The Universe is expanding
Distant galaxies are moving both towards us and away from us
1 only
1 and 2
2 only
1, 2 and 3
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3
1 mark
Which is the correct value of one light year?
9.5 × 1015 km
9.5 × 1015 m
9.5 × 1015 s
9.5 × 1015 days
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4
1 mark
Which list shows the correct order of the life cycle of a star like the Sun?
nebula → main sequence star → red supergiant → neutron star
nebula → main sequence star → red giant → white dwarf
nebula → red giant → main sequence star → white dwarf
main sequence star → nebula → red giant → black hole
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1
1 mark
Which of the four possible shapes of galaxies shown could be the Milky Way?
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2
1 mark
Which of the following is the best description of redshift?
Distant galaxies only emit light from the red end of the spectrum.
Only red light can reach Earth from very distant stars.
Stars in the Milky Way mostly emit light at the red end of the spectrum,
The light received from distant galaxies is moved towards the red end of the spectrum.
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3
1 mark
How many years would it take light to travel from the centre of the Milky Way to the outer edge?
500 years
50 000 years
100 000 years
100 000 light years
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4
1 mark
What is the process which makes stable stars such as the Sun shine, and which element produced in the reaction?
| Process | Element |
A | fusion | oxygen |
B | fission | hydrogen |
C | fusion | helium |
D | fission | hydrogen |
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5
1 mark
Which of the following describes the lifecycle of a star about the size of the Sun?
interstellar hydrogen clouds → protostar → main sequence star → red supergiant → black hole
interstellar hydrogen clouds → planetary nebula → main sequence star → red giant → protostar→ white dwarf
interstellar hydrogen clouds → protostar → main sequence star → red giant → planetary nebula → white dwarf
interstellar hydrogen clouds → protostar → main sequence star → red supergiant → neutron star
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6
1 mark
In the Sun, energy is transferred from an energy store.
Which energy is being released and what is the name of the reaction that releases this energy inside the Sun?
| Energy | Reaction |
A | chemical | burning |
B | chemical | radiation |
C | nuclear | fission |
D | nuclear | fusion |
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7
1 mark
The light emitted from a galaxy is redshifted when detected on Earth.
How does the frequency of the light when detected on Earth compare with its frequency when emitted and in what direction is the galaxy moving?
| Frequency of light when detected on Earth | Direction of movement of galaxy |
A | less than frequency of emission | away from Earth |
B | less than frequency of emission | towards Earth |
C | greater than frequency of emission | away from Earth |
D | greater than frequency of emission | towards Earth |
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8
1 mark
Which particles are found inside the nucleus of an atom?
neutrons and electrons
electrons and protons
neutrons only
neutrons and protons
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9
1 mark
The light from distant galaxies is observed to be redshifted.
Which statement correctly explains this observation?
Distant galaxies are hotter than nearby galaxies.
Distant galaxies are moving away from us, stretching the wavelength of the light.
Light loses energy as it travels through space, decreasing its frequency.
The Universe is contracting, compressing the wavelength of the light.
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