19.5 Conservation (Cambridge (CIE) O Level Biology): Flashcards
Exam code: 5090
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Define biodiversity.
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Define biodiversity.
The number of different species that live in a particular area.
Why does maintaining biodiversity benefit ecosystems?
It allows ecosystems to remain stable.
How does conservation help species that are endangered?
It reduces extinction, helping to retain iconic species and maintain biodiversity.
Conservation helps to reduce , keeping iconic species from being lost forever.
Conservation helps to reduce extinction, keeping iconic species from being lost forever.
List reasons why conservation programmes are important.
Reasons include:
maintaining biodiversity
reducing extinction
protecting vulnerable ecosystems
maintaining ecosystem functions
providing resources
How does conserving ecosystems help slow climate change?
By maintaining nutrient cycling, such as carbon cycling, which helps hold back climate change.
True or False?
Conservation can protect vulnerable ecosystems that would otherwise be lost to human activity.
True.
Protecting these ecosystems is one of the key reasons for conservation.
Name two resources that conservation helps to provide.
Conservation helps provide:
food
drugs (plant-based remedies)
fuel
genes
Conserving species keeps the pool wide, so variety exists within all species.
Conserving species keeps the gene pool wide, so variety exists within all species.
Why is conserving plants important for medicine?
Many plants provide drugs and plant-based remedies.
True or False?
Maintaining a wide gene pool is one reason conservation is important.
True.
A wide gene pool keeps variety within species.
Conservation helps maintain ecosystem functions such as cycling.
Conservation helps maintain ecosystem functions such as nutrient cycling.
Define a sustainable resource.
A resource that is produced as rapidly as it is removed from the environment, so that it does not run out.
Why are fossil fuels described as non-renewable?
Once they are used they cannot be replaced, so they will eventually run out.
Give two ways in which fossil fuels can be conserved.
Fossil fuels can be conserved by:
reducing the amount we use
finding sustainable resources to replace them
Almost all manufactured plastics start with as a raw material.
Almost all manufactured plastics start with oil as a raw material.
How does reusing and recycling materials help the environment?
It reduces waste and cuts the amounts of raw materials and energy needed to make new products.
True or False?
Paper, plastic, glass and metal can all be reused and recycled.
True.
Reusing and recycling them reduces waste and conserves raw materials and energy.
Define sustainable development.
Development that provides for the needs of an increasing human population without harming the environment.
For sustainable development, people need to at local, national and international levels.
For sustainable development, people need to cooperate at local, national and international levels.
How can forests be managed sustainably?
By replanting trees when mature ones are cut, supported by monitoring schemes (e.g. the FSC) and education.
List ways in which fish stocks can be managed sustainably.
Fish stocks can be managed by:
setting quotas on numbers caught
controlling the size of fish caught
closed seasons during breeding
restocking
education
True or False?
Controlling the size of fish that can be caught helps keep fishing sustainable.
True.
It ensures enough fish reach a suitable age for breeding.
Setting a limits the number of fish that can be caught each year.
Setting a quota limits the number of fish that can be caught each year.
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