11.1 Circulatory System (Cambridge (CIE) O Level Biology): Flashcards
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Define circulatory system.
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Cards in this collection (12)
Define circulatory system.
A system of blood vessels with a pump and valves that ensures the one-way flow of blood.
How many heart chambers and what type of circulation do fish have?
Fish have a two-chambered heart and a single circulation.
In fish, for each circuit of the body the blood passes through the heart .
In fish, for each circuit of the body the blood passes through the heart once.
How many heart chambers and what type of circulation do mammals have?
Mammals have a four-chambered heart and a double circulation.
In mammals, for each circuit of the body the blood passes through the heart .
In mammals, for each circuit of the body the blood passes through the heart twice.
Define pulmonary circulation.
The circulation in which the right side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
Define systemic circulation.
The circulation in which the left side of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body.
True or False?
In a double circulation, blood passes through the heart twice for each circuit of the body.
True.
Mammals have a double circulation, so blood passes through the heart twice per circuit of the body.
Why is blood returned to the heart after passing through the lungs?
Blood loses a lot of pressure in the lung capillaries, so returning it to the heart allows its pressure to be raised again before being pumped to the body.
What is the advantage of the left side of the heart producing high pressure?
It can pump blood further and against gravity, supplying all body cells with oxygen and nutrients at sufficient flow.
Raising the blood pressure again means body cells receive oxygen and glucose and more frequently.
Raising the blood pressure again means body cells receive oxygen and glucose faster and more frequently.
True or False?
Fish have a double circulation.
False.
Fish have a single circulation with a two-chambered heart; mammals have a double circulation.
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