Use of Data in PE (AQA GCSE Physical Education (PE)): Flashcards
Exam code: 8582
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Define quantitative data.
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Define quantitative data.
Quantitative data is numerical data — it deals with numbers.
Give three examples of quantitative data in PE.
Heart rate in beats per minute
Tidal volume in dm³
Speed of a sprinter in metres per second
Number of catches in a wall toss test
Number of sit-ups completed in a test
Quantitative data deals with ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ and can be counted or measured.
Quantitative data deals with numbers and can be counted or measured.
Why is quantitative data described as objective?
It deals with facts that can be measured or counted, rather than with personal feelings or opinions.
Name the two methods for collecting quantitative data.
Questionnaires and surveys.
Define questionnaire.
A questionnaire is a method of collecting data in which participants are asked a series of questions.
Define survey.
A survey analyses the data collected by questionnaire, counting the number of participants giving a certain answer.
Give an example of how a survey produces quantitative data.
A questionnaire asks how many times each week participants take part in physical activity, and the number of participants at each activity level is then counted.
Which piece of equipment is used to collect quantitative data on heart rate?
A heart rate monitor.
Which piece of equipment is used to collect quantitative data on tidal volume?
A spirometer.
How is quantitative data on speed obtained?
By calculating it — dividing the distance travelled by the time taken.
True or False?
A questionnaire can only ever produce qualitative data.
False.
A questionnaire can produce quantitative data when the number of participants giving each answer is counted as part of a survey.
Define qualitative data.
Qualitative data is non-numerical data that deals with descriptions. It cannot be counted or expressed as a number.
Give two examples of qualitative data in PE.
A participant's description of their performance
An observer's opinion on the quality of a team's play
Why is qualitative data described as subjective?
It depends on the feelings and opinions of individuals, rather than on measurable facts.
Qualitative data deals with ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ rather than numbers.
Qualitative data deals with descriptions rather than numbers.
How does qualitative data differ from quantitative data?
Qualitative data is descriptive and subjective, while quantitative data is numerical and deals with objective facts.
Name the two methods for collecting qualitative data.
Interviews and observations.
Define interview.
An interview involves speaking to participants after a test or sporting event so they can share their opinion of their performance.
Define observation.
An observation involves an observer watching an activity and recording their thoughts on the quality of the performance.
Why might a coach choose an interview to collect data?
It allows the performer to describe their own experience of their performance in their own words, which numbers alone cannot capture.
Give an example of qualitative data collected by observation.
An observer recording their thoughts on a performer's running form or the quality of a team's passing.
True or False?
Qualitative data can easily be compared against national averages.
False.
Qualitative data is descriptive and subjective, so it cannot easily be compared numerically. Quantitative data is compared to national averages.
Name the three ways data can be presented.
Tables, line graphs and bar charts.
Why is presenting data important?
It allows raw data to be viewed clearly and gives a visual representation of findings, allowing quick and easy analysis.
Where should units be written in a data table?
In the column headings, not in the main body of the table. For example, "heart rate (beats per minute)".
Which variable goes in the first column of a data table?
The independent variable — the variable being changed. The dependent variable, or measurements taken, goes in the second column.
What does a line graph show?
The change in one variable on the y axis during the continuous progression of another on the x axis, such as time.
What does a bar chart show?
The size of a series of categories, with the size on the y axis and the categories on the x axis.
Which variable is plotted on each axis of a graph?
The independent variable goes on the x axis, and the dependent variable goes on the y axis.
Name the things you must check when plotting a graph or chart.
Both axes clearly labelled
Relevant units included
Appropriate scales, ascending in even increments
Points or bars plotted correctly
When plotting a bar chart, the bars should ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ touch each other.
When plotting a bar chart, the bars should not touch each other.
True or False?
On a line graph, the plotted points should be joined by a line.
True.
A line graph contains plotted points joined by a line, drawn with a ruler and sharp pencil.
Which four forms of data presentation could you be asked to interpret?
Tables, bar charts, line graphs and pie charts.
What might analysis of a data set involve?
Describing patterns, e.g. resting heart rate decreases as training progresses
Identifying individual data points
Explaining trends, e.g. resting heart rate falls because stroke volume increases
What might evaluation of a data set involve?
Considering the value of the data in a wider context, for example explaining that running is popular because of its accessibility and mental health benefits.
A balance test shows times of 43 s at age 20–29 falling to 13 s at age 70–79. Describe the relationship.
As age increases, balance time decreases.
Suggest reasons why girls' participation in school sport may be lower than boys'.
Sport activities may be dominated by boys
Female representation of sport in the media is lower
There may be more opportunities for boys to take part
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