Exam code: 8182
Which of the following best defines ‘bystander behaviour’?
Acting in ways that are viewed by others as socially unacceptable
Less effort being made when working in a group than when working alone
The actions a person takes when they see someone needing help
When perceived group pressure leads to people changing so that they fit in
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The ‘cost of helping’ affects bystander intervention.
Use an example to describe how the ‘cost of helping’ could affect bystander intervention.
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Read the item and then answer the question that follows.
Archie: “On the way into work today, I saw a lady collapse. She fell over outside the coffee shop on the high street.” Jordan: “That’s terrible. Did you stop to help her?” |
Outline what is meant by the term bystander behaviour. Referring to the conversation above, identify one factor that can influence bystander behaviour and suggest how it would have influenced bystander behaviour in this situation.
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What is meant by the psychological term ‘bystander behaviour’?
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Piliavin’s subway study involved an actor who pretended to need help.
In one variation, the actor had a large, fake, facial scar.
Identify one factor affecting bystander intervention that Piliavin could have been studying in this variation of his study.
Briefly explain your answer.
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Read the following conversation.
Aiden: When I was in the park yesterday, I saw someone drinking a lot of alcohol. About an hour after I first saw them, they fell down, and didn’t move. Reena: Goodness, what did you do? Aiden: I wasn’t sure what to do because I have never had an experience like that before. I really wish I had taken that first aid course with you now. Reena: The course was really helpful, and I learnt a lot. But I am not sure I would have rushed to help because I feel very nervous around people who have been drinking. |
Name one dispositional factor and one social factor that can influence bystander intervention.
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Explain how factors that affect bystander behaviour may have stopped Aiden and Reena from offering their help in the described situation.
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Describe and evaluate Piliavin’s subway study.
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Read the following descriptions of bystander behaviour. Decide which factor that affects bystander intervention is the most likely explanation of the behaviour being described.
Caitlin jumped into a river and rescued a child who had fallen in. Caitlin was called a hero but dismissed the praise saying ‘I just did what any other off-duty lifeguard would have done.’
Anonymity
Cost of helping
Deindividuation
Expertise
Presence of others
Similarity to victim
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Read the following descriptions of bystander behaviour. Decide which factor that affects bystander intervention is the most likely explanation of the behaviour being described.
People were waiting at a bus stop. Just as the bus arrived, one of the people collapsed on the pavement. All of the people who were concerned they would be late for work got onto the bus. Some other people stayed behind to help.
Anonymity
Cost of helping
Deindividuation
Expertise
Presence of others
Similarity to victim
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Read the following descriptions of bystander behaviour. Decide which factor that affects bystander intervention is the most likely explanation of the behaviour being described.
After a football game, a supporter fell over. The only people who stopped to help were wearing shirts showing that they were supporters of the same team as the person that fell over.
Anonymity
Cost of helping
Deindividuation
Expertise
Presence of others
Similarity to victim
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