Metals & Alloys — Ethical & Environmental (AQA GCSE Design & Technology): Revision Note

The environmental factors of metals and alloys are how their extraction, use and disposal impact the environment

Most metals, e.g., aluminium and steel, are highly recyclable without losing their properties

• This reduces the need for raw material extraction when they are used as a source of material in the manufacture of products

Metals can be reused and reformed into new products, e.g. recycled aluminium cans

• This helps to reduce waste and lower energy use

The social factors of metals and alloys refer to how their production affects people and communities

Mining can be very damaging to local environments due to the waste materials produced including heavy metals

Metal production is very dangerous due to the high temperatures

• It requires safe working conditions, fair wages and minimal harm to communities and the environment

The cultural factors of metals and alloys refer to how their use and appearance are influenced by different cultures

Certain metals or finishes may have cultural meanings or associations, so designers must consider this

• One example is that gold and gold like metals like brass are considered symbols of prosperity in India and East Asia 

Different cultures may prefer certain metals, finishes or product styles

• This influences design choices in products like jewellery, buildings and tools

The ethical factors of metals and alloys are how responsibly they are sourced and produced

Metals should be sourced from responsible suppliers, ensuring ethical mining practices, reduced environmental damage and fair treatment of workers