Global Patterns of Food Supply & Demand (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE Geography): Flashcards
Exam code: 0460 & 0976
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Roughly how many calories does a person need each day to live a healthy, active life?
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Roughly how many calories does a person need each day to live a healthy, active life?
About 2,500 calories per day.
Is there enough food produced to feed the world's population? Explain the problem.
Yes — sufficient food is produced, but the distribution is unequal, so some areas consume more than needed and others fewer.
Name two regions where people typically consume more calories than needed, and two where they consume fewer.
More: the USA and Europe. Fewer: Pakistan, Venezuela and sub-Saharan Africa (any two).
Global food consumption is rising partly because the world ______ has now reached 8 billion.
Global food consumption is rising partly because the world population has now reached 8 billion.
Besides population growth, give two reasons global food consumption is increasing.
As countries develop, people have money to buy more food; and transport of food is easier and cheaper than in the past.
Why do people in HICs tend to have a higher calorie consumption than those in LICs?
HIC diets are richer in fats and sugars, while LIC diets tend to focus on lower fat and higher fibre.
True or False?
Government investment in agriculture tends to be higher in LICs than in HICs.
False.
Investment in agriculture tends to be higher in HICs, where subsidies often help support farmers.
How does climate affect food production?
Crops and animals require suitable conditions; climate determines whether there is enough, too little or too much precipitation and sunshine.
Which four properties of soil influence the types of crops that can be grown?
Soil depth, structure, fertility and pH.
The availability of ______ will impact on the yield produced by a farm.
The availability of technology will impact on the yield produced by a farm.
How does crop choice affect how many people can be fed?
Some crops feed more people than others, so choosing suitable crops increases the number of people who can be fed.
Give three reasons global food production has increased.
Greater land availability (e.g. from deforestation); increased productivity through mechanisation, GM crops, agrochemicals and irrigation; and increased wealth, education and globalisation (any three).
Name three sources of new farmland that have raised food production.
Deforestation, wetland clearing and brownfield site conversion.
True or False?
Because global food production has increased, food consumption has risen equally everywhere.
False.
Food consumption is unequal — it varies regionally and internationally, and HICs consume more calories than LICs.
China's meat consumption rose from 12kg per person in 1980 to over ______ per person by 2023, as incomes rose.
China's meat consumption rose from 12kg per person in 1980 to over 62kg per person by 2023, as incomes rose.
Why does a growing middle class in developing countries increase food consumption?
People can afford more food or more expensive, calorie-rich foods such as meat.
How can hunger create a vicious cycle in LICs?
People too poor to afford food cannot work due to hunger or ill health, so they earn no money to buy food — keeping them trapped.
Define globalisation.
Globalisation is where the world has become more interconnected through the processes of economics, culture, politics, trade and tourism.
Which two improvements have let food be moved around the world more quickly and efficiently?
Improvements in refrigeration and air transport.
Why has land availability in LICs and MICs contributed to the globalisation of food?
It has attracted agribusinesses to those areas.
How has rising global demand for acai berries affected their source country?
The price has increased 60 times, so Indigenous Amazonian communities can no longer afford them in their diets, and irrigation demand pressures water supplies.
The spread of Western fast food chains such as ______ and KFC can lead to the loss of traditional diets and higher obesity in some MICs and LICs.
The spread of Western fast food chains such as McDonalds and KFC can lead to the loss of traditional diets and higher obesity in some MICs and LICs.
State three environmental problems caused by increased monocultures and large-scale commercial farming.
Increased soil erosion, habitat destruction and loss of biodiversity, and increased use of pesticides and fertilisers.
How has globalisation changed the seasonality of food for consumers?
Seasonal foods are now available all year round.
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