2.3 Islam Key Beliefs: Authority (AQA GCSE Religious Studies A): Flashcards
Exam code: 8062
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- Front2.3.1 Risalah
Define Risalah.
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Cards in this collection (54)
Define Risalah.
Prophethood — the belief that Allah appoints prophets to receive and spread His message.
How many key prophets are named in the Qur'an?
25, including Adam, Ibrahim, Musa, Isa and Muhammad.
How many prophets in total do Muslims believe there were?
124,000.
What is the difference between a rasul and a nabi?
A rasul is given divine revelation to deliver everywhere; a nabi receives revelation of important news for their own community.
Who do Muslims believe was the first human and first prophet?
Adam.
What do Muslims believe Adam was created from?
Clay, into which Allah breathed life.
Which prophet built the Ka'aba with his son Isma'il?
Ibrahim.
Define Khalil.
'Friend of Allah' — a title given to the Prophet Ibrahim.
Which prophet was willing to sacrifice his son at Allah's command?
Ibrahim — a ram was sacrificed instead of Isma'il.
Who is the last and final prophet of Islam?
Muhammad (pbuh), the 'Seal of the Prophets'.
Where did Muhammad (pbuh) receive his first revelation from Jibril?
At Mount Hira, in 610 CE.
When his message was rejected in Makkah, Muhammad (pbuh) migrated to Madinah — an event called the ______.
When his message was rejected in Makkah, Muhammad (pbuh) migrated to Madinah — an event called the Hijrah.
True or False?
Muslims believe all prophets are equally important.
True.
All prophets received the same message and had the same role, so they are equally important.
Whose example (Sunnah), recorded in the Hadith, is used as a source of Shariah law?
The Prophet Muhammad's (pbuh).
Muhammad (pbuh) taught, 'the best of you is he who is best to his ______' (Hadith).
Muhammad taught, 'the best of you is he who is best to his family' (Hadith).
Define the Qur'an.
The holy book of Islam, believed to be the direct word of Allah revealed to Muhammad.
What does the name 'Qur'an' mean?
'The Recital'.
Through which angel was the Qur'an revealed to Muhammad (pbuh)?
The angel Jibril.
What is the Night of Power (Laylat al-Qadr)?
The night Muhammad (pbuh) received the first revelation of the Qur'an.
Over how many years was the Qur'an revealed?
23 years.
How many surahs (chapters) does the Qur'an have?
114.
Define ayah.
A verse of the Qur'an.
Define hafiz.
A person who can recite the whole Qur'an from memory.
The surahs of the Qur'an are arranged in order of ______, with the longest first.
The surahs of the Qur'an are arranged in order of length, with the longest first.
Who are the 'people of the book' (Ahl al-Kitab)?
Jews and Christians.
True or False?
Sunni and Shi'a Muslims agree on whether the word of God has always existed.
False.
Sunni Muslims believe the word of God is eternal; Shi'a Muslims believe it came into existence when God created the world.
Who commissioned the first official written copy of the Qur'an?
Abu Bakr.
The Qur'an's authority is total: 'Falsehood shall never come into ______' (Qur'an 41: 42).
The Qur'an's authority is total: 'Falsehood shall never come into it' (Qur'an 41: 42).
Give one way Muslims show respect for the Qur'an.
They wash their hands before handling it (and place it on a higher shelf and a special stand).
To which prophet was the Tawrat (Torah) revealed?
Musa (Moses), on Mount Sinai.
Define Zabur.
The Psalms of Dawud (David) — a collection of prayers to Allah.
Define Injil.
The Gospels, revealed by Allah to Isa (Jesus).
Define Suhuf.
The Scrolls of Ibrahim — the oldest Islamic scriptures, now believed lost.
Why do the Torah, Psalms and Gospels have less authority than the Qur'an for Muslims?
They are believed to contain errors and have been altered, whereas the Qur'an is the unaltered word of Allah.
Which important set of rules does the Tawrat contain?
The Ten Commandments.
What title do Muslims give Isa (Jesus)?
The Masih (Messiah).
True or False?
Muslims believe Isa (Jesus) was crucified and died.
False.
Muslims believe Isa was not crucified but ascended to heaven.
Do Muslims believe Isa was the son of Allah?
No — Muslims believe Isa was a prophet and follower of Allah, not His son (Allah has no partners).
Muslims believe the Injil (Gospels) prophesies the coming of the Prophet ______.
Muslims believe the Injil (Gospels) prophesies the coming of the Prophet Muhammad.
On what day were the Scrolls of Ibrahim said to be revealed?
The first day of Ramadan.
Do Muslims believe Isa was born of a virgin mother?
Yes.
The Qur'an refers to the ______ (Torah) as 'guidance and light'.
The Qur'an refers to the Tawrat (Torah) as 'guidance and light'.
Why do Muslims believe the Injil now contains mistakes?
Because it was written by Isa's disciples years after his death and became distorted.
Define the Imamate.
The Shi'a belief that the Imams are the divinely appointed spiritual descendants of Muhammad (pbuh) who lead Islam.
Who do Shi'a Muslims believe was the first Imam?
Ali, Muhammad's (pbuh) cousin.
How does the meaning of 'Imam' differ between Sunni and Shi'a Islam?
For Sunnis, an Imam is simply a prayer leader chosen by the community; for Shi'as, the Imams are infallible, divinely appointed successors of Muhammad.
How many Imams does the Twelver branch of Shi'a Islam believe in?
Twelve.
Who was the twelfth and last Imam?
Muhammad al-Mahdi.
What do Shi'a Muslims believe about Muhammad al-Mahdi?
That he is hidden and kept alive, and will return with Isa (Jesus) at the end of time to bring justice.
True or False?
Shi'a Muslims believe the Imams can interpret the Qur'an without fault.
True.
The Imams are seen as infallible protectors of the faith who interpret the Qur'an without error.
The Imamate is one of the Five Roots of ______ Islam.
The Imamate is one of the Five Roots of Shi'a Islam.
Why are the Imams significant to Shi'a Muslims?
As direct descendants of Muhammad, they provide divine guidance and act as role models.
Define infallible (of the Imams).
Incapable of making a mistake — how Shi'a Muslims regard the Imams.
The Imams protected Muslims, guided people and preserved ______ law.
The Imams protected Muslims, guided people and preserved Shariah law.
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