13.3 Religious Freedom (AQA GCSE Religious Studies A): Flashcards
Exam code: 8062
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Define religious freedom.
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Cards in this collection (27)
Define religious freedom.
The right to believe or practise whatever religion one chooses — a right included in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Article 18).
What is the official state religion of the UK, and what does the government protect?
Christianity (the Church of England); the government protects freedom of religious expression — people may worship however they choose, or not at all.
Give a historical example of religious intolerance in Britain.
Henry VIII broke from the Catholic Church and killed Catholics who opposed him; Mary I and Elizabeth I persecuted objectors to their state religions.
Why do most Christians support freedom of religious expression?
Christian teachings encourage tolerance and harmony — 'love your neighbour', the Golden Rule (Matthew 7:12), and 'Whoever is not against us is for us' (Mark 9:39-40).
How is John 14:2 interpreted to support religious freedom?
'My Father's house has many rooms' — taken to mean there are many ways to worship God and enter heaven.
Which Christians are less tolerant of other faiths, and why?
Some, including the Roman Catholic and some Orthodox Churches, because they believe they belong to the 'one true faith'.
What does Qur'an 2:256 teach about becoming a Muslim?
'There shall be no compulsion in [acceptance of] the religion' — being a Muslim is a choice.
Define 'People of the Book'.
In Islam, Christians and Jews — accepted because they follow revelations from God, and allowed to worship in some Muslim countries.
How does religious freedom in Muslim countries vary?
It ranges from limited to total acceptance — e.g. Saudi Arabia has little freedom for other faiths, and in some countries leaving Islam is treated as a crime.
How do Muslims in Britain benefit from religious freedom?
They are free to worship, build mosques, run schools and publicly express their belief.
Article 18 of the UDHR gives everyone 'the right to freedom of thought, ______ and religion'.
Article 18 of the UDHR gives everyone 'the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion'.
How did Jesus model tolerance of those others rejected?
He associated with rejected people such as the Samaritan woman (John 4) and praised the Good Samaritan, and simply moved on when his message was rejected.
How is Muslim women's religious dress restricted in some countries?
In countries including France, Austria and the Netherlands, face coverings such as the burqa are banned.
True or False?
All Muslim countries guarantee full religious freedom to other faiths.
False.
Interpretation varies — some (e.g. Saudi Arabia) allow little religious freedom and other faiths may face discrimination.
On what basis do Christians believe men and women are equal?
Both were created by God and in God's image — 'you are all one in Christ Jesus' (Galatians 3:28).
When could women first become priests and bishops in the Church of England?
Priests in 1993; the first female bishop in 2014.
What did St Paul write about women in the early Church?
That 'women should remain silent in the churches' (1 Corinthians 14:34) — reflecting the social norms of the time rather than a rule for today.
Why do the Catholic and Orthodox Churches not permit women priests?
All of Jesus' apostles were men, and the priest at Mass takes on the role of Jesus blessing the bread and wine — so, they hold, a woman cannot take that role.
What are the traditional family roles of men and women in Islam?
Mothers raise children and teach the faith; men are the 'caretakers of women' (Qur'an 4:34), expected to provide financially.
How is money earned by a working Muslim woman regarded?
As her own — since it is still considered the man's job to provide financially for the family.
Do Muslim women have equal obligations in worship?
Yes — they honour Allah through prayer, fasting, charity and pilgrimage; but, because of their role as mothers, they are not expected to attend the mosque five times a day or for Jummah.
Can women be religious leaders in Islam?
Traditionally only men are imams (Qur'an 2:228) — women rarely are, unless leading a women-only mosque — but women can be scholars, teachers or preachers.
How do Muslims respond to restrictions on women in some Islamic societies?
Some argue they are intended to protect women; others say they are more to do with culture than religion, since men and women are equal before Allah.
If Muslim women attend the mosque, they pray in a ______ area from men.
If Muslim women attend the mosque, they pray in a separate area from men.
Which Qur'an verse shows the spiritual equality of men and women?
Qur'an 4:124: 'Anyone, male or female, who does good works and is a believer, will enter paradise.'
When was the first female Congregationalist minister appointed?
In 1917 — some non-conformist Churches have had women ministers for around a hundred years.
True or False?
All Christian denominations now allow women to be priests.
False.
Most do, but women are still not permitted to be priests in the Catholic or Orthodox Churches.
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