O LevelChemistryCambridge (CIE)Exam Questions11. Organic Chemistry11.3. Fuels

. Fuels (Cambridge (CIE) O Level Chemistry): Multiple Choice Questions

Exam code: 5070

2 hours31 questions

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11.3. Fuels

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1
1 mark

The diagram shows an industrial process involved in the production of a substance that is used as an aircraft fuel.

A tall industrial column with rounded top and bottom. A pipe enters from the left near the base and a pipe leaves the top. Several horizontal trays are drawn inside the column, and outlet pipes leave the right-hand side at different heights. An arrow labelled Substance Q points to one of the outlets in the upper part of the column.

process

substance Q

A

fractional distillation

petrol

B

thermal decomposition

paraffin

C

fractional distillation

paraffin

D

thermal decomposition

petrol

    Choose your answer

    2
    1 mark

    Which substance is a fossil fuel?

    • charcoal

    • coal

    • ethanol

    • hydrogen

    Choose your answer

    3
    1 mark

    Natural gas is a fossil fuel.

    Which compound is the main constituent of natural gas?

    • methane

    • ethane

    • propane

    • butane

    Choose your answer

    4
    1 mark

    Which fraction obtained from petroleum is used for making roads?

    • diesel oil

    • naphtha

    • bitumen

    • refinery gas

    Choose your answer

    5
    1 mark

    Which compound is a hydrocarbon?

    • CH3COOH

    • CO2

    • C2H5OH

    • C3H8

    Choose your answer

    1
    1 mark

    The table below shows 4 different sources of petroleum (crude oil) and their composition.

    Fraction

    Arabian Heavy /%

    Arabian Light /%

    Iranian Heavy /%

    North Sea

    /%

    gasoline

    18

    21

    21

    23

    kerosene

    11.5

    13

    13

    15

    diesel

    18

    20

    20

    24

    fuel oil

    52.5

    46

    46

    38

    Which composition of petroleum would be the best for the motor vehicle industry?

    • North Sea

    • Arabian Heavy

    • Arabian Light

    • Iranian Heavy

    Choose your answer

    2
    1 mark

    Which of the following properties of different compounds in petroleum enable it to be separated into fractions?

    1

    Chain length

    2

    Chemical reactivity

    3

    Solubility in water

    4

    Boiling point

    • 1 & 3

    • 1 & 4

    • 2 & 3

    • 2 & 4

    Choose your answer

    3
    1 mark

    The diagram below shows the apparatus used to separate petroleum (crude oil) into four fractions.

    Laboratory apparatus. A vertical tube holds petroleum soaked on rock wool at its base, labelled Petroleum on rock wool, with heating applied beneath it labelled Heat. A thermometer is inserted into the top of the tube. A delivery tube leads from the tube down into a collecting tube standing in a beaker of water labelled Water, where a liquid gathers, labelled Fraction.

    Which fraction contains the smallest hydrocarbon molecules?

    fraction

    boiling point range / °C

    A

    up to 70

    B

    71 to 120

    C

    121 to 170

    D

    over 171

      Choose your answer

      4
      1 mark

      The diagram shows a fractionating column used in the separation of petroleum.

      A fractionating column, labelled. Crude oil enters through a pipe near the bottom left, labelled crude oil. Six outlet pipes leave the right-hand side at different heights, labelled from top to bottom P, Q, R, S, T and U, under the heading fraction.

      Which row explains why fraction R is collected above fraction S?

      boiling point of R

      average molecular mass of R

      A

      greater than S

      greater than S

      B

      greater than S

      smaller than S

      C

      smaller than S

      greater than S

      D

      smaller than S

      smaller than S

        Choose your answer

        5
        1 mark

        Which fraction obtained from petroleum is used as a chemical feedstock?

        • naphtha

        • kerosene

        • bitumen

        • lubricating oil

        Choose your answer

        1
        1 mark

        A fraction is collected near the top of a fractionating column.

        Compared with a fraction collected near the bottom of the same column, what are the viscosity and the volatility of this fraction?

        viscosity

        volatility

        A

        higher

        higher

        B

        higher

        lower

        C

        lower

        higher

        D

        lower

        lower

          Choose your answer

          2
          1 mark

          A fraction collected from the fractional distillation of petroleum boils between 170 °C and 250 °C.

          A pure sample of decane boils at 174 °C.

          Which statement explains why the fraction boils over a range of temperatures?

          • The fraction contains a single hydrocarbon that is impure.

          • The temperature at the height where the fraction is collected rises while it is being collected.

          • The fraction contains hydrocarbons that all have the same boiling point.

          • The fraction contains several hydrocarbons with different chain lengths.

          Choose your answer

          3
          1 mark

          The table shows the number of carbon atoms per molecule in four fractions obtained from petroleum.

          fraction

          number of carbon atoms per molecule

          P

          1 to 4

          Q

          5 to 10

          R

          11 to 16

          S

          more than 35

          Which row is correct?

          collected nearest the top of the column

          used as a fuel in aircraft

          A

          P

          Q

          B

          P

          R

          C

          S

          R

          D

          Q

          P

            Choose your answer

            4
            1 mark

            Which statement about petroleum and its fractions is correct?

            • Fractional distillation breaks large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller molecules.

            • The bitumen fraction is more viscous than the kerosene fraction.

            • Petroleum is separated into fractions according to the melting points of the hydrocarbons.

            • Fractions collected near the top of the column have higher boiling points than those collected near the bottom.

            Choose your answer

            5
            1 mark

            Each row gives a use of a fraction obtained from petroleum, together with a property of that fraction offered as the reason for the use.

            In which row does the property explain the use?

            use

            reason

            A

            Bitumen is used to surface roads

            because bitumen is obtained from petroleum

            B

            Naphtha is used as a chemical feedstock

            because naphtha has the highest boiling point of all the fractions

            C

            Refinery gas is used for heating and cooking

            because refinery gas has a very low boiling point

            D

            Lubricating oil is used to reduce friction in machinery

            because lubricating oil has a low viscosity

              Choose your answer