Exam code: 5070
The diagram below illustrates the experimental set-up to carry out distillation. What are the correct labels for points A and B on the condenser?
| Point A | Point B |
A | water in | water in |
B | water in | water out |
C | water out | water in |
D | water out | water out |
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A student performs a technique using the apparatus shown.
Which separation technique has the student performed?
Crystallisation
Evaporation
Distillation
Filtration
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Rocksalt is the mineral form of sodium chloride. It is known to commonly contain sodium chloride and sand along with other trace impurities.
A combination of physical changes and separation techniques can be used to produce higher purity sodium chloride and sand.
What is the correct order of physical changes and separation techniques to separate sodium chloride and sand?
Melting, filtering, crystallising
Melting, filtering
Dissolving, filtering, crystallising
Dissolving, crystallising
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Ethanol and water mix completely with each other.
Ethanol boils at 78 °C and water boils at 100 °C.
Which technique is used to obtain a pure sample of ethanol from this mixture?
filtration
crystallisation
chromatography
fractional distillation
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A student has a mixture of two solids, R and S.
The student wants to add a solvent to the mixture so that the two solids can then be separated by filtration.
The table shows the solubility of each solid in four solvents.
solvent | solubility of R | solubility of S |
|---|---|---|
water | soluble | soluble |
ethanol | soluble | insoluble |
propanone | insoluble | insoluble |
hexane | soluble | soluble |
Which solvent should the student use?
water
ethanol
propanone
hexane
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A substance was analysed and was found to have a boiling point of 450 °C.
At room temperature it is a soft grey solid.
Which temperature could be the melting point of a pure sample of the substance?
- 12 °C
56 °C to 72 °C
250 °C to 275 °C
142 °C
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Solid P melts at exactly 60oC and boils at exactly 310oC. Solid Q dissolves in ethanol and shows a green colour and a yellow colour when analysed using paper chromatography.
Which row is correct?
| Contains only one substance | Contains more than one substance |
A | Q | P |
B | Q | - |
C | - | Q |
D | P | Q |
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Pure H2O boils at 100 oC and freezes at 0 oC.
What is the melting point and boiling point of water after the addition of potassium chloride?
| Boiling point / oC | Freezing point / oC |
A | 103 | -3 |
B | 103 | 3 |
C | 97 | -3 |
D | 97 | No change |
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A student has performed an experiment which produced a precipitate. She correctly chooses to separate the precipitate using the process of filtration. She prepares the filter paper to be placed into the funnel by folding it as shown below.
Which diagram correctly illustrates the filter paper at stage 3?
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The diagram below shows the apparatus a student used to separate a product from a reaction mixture.
What did the mixture contain?
Aqueous sodium chloride and unreacted solid catalyst
Water and ethanol
Water and oil
Aqueous sodium chloride and oil
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Which property of a liquid ester can be used to check its purity before use as a food flavouring?
boiling point
colour
smell
solubility in water
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Which sequence of procedures is used to separate a pure, dry sample of hydrated copper(II) sulfate, CuSO4•5H2O, from a mixture containing hydrated copper(II) sulfate and calcium carbonate, CaCO3?
dissolve in water → distillation → crystallisation
dissolve in water → filtration → crystallisation
Distillation → crystallisation → heating to remove all water
fractional distillation → filtration → heating to remove all water
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A yellow solid, W is soluble in water. Which method of separation can be used to obtain the solid W from an aqueous solution?
Neutralisation
Chromatography
Distillation
Crystallisation
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The table shows the melting point and the boiling point of three substances.
substance | melting point / °C | boiling point / °C |
|---|---|---|
P | 17 | 118 |
Q | 17 | 290 |
R | 80 | 118 |
A sample of one of these substances is found to melt at 17 °C and to boil at 118 °C.
Which substance is the sample?
P
Q
R
none of these substances
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Two liquids, T and V, mix completely with each other.
T boils at 80.1 °C and V boils at 80.7 °C.
A student uses fractional distillation but cannot obtain a pure sample of either liquid.
Which statement explains why?
They mix completely with each other.
They both boil below 100 °C.
Their boiling points are very close together.
They each boil at a fixed temperature.
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A powdered mixture contains solid G and sand.
G is very soluble in ethanol and is insoluble in water. Sand is insoluble in both ethanol and water.
One sample of the mixture is stirred with ethanol. This is sample M.
A second sample of the mixture is stirred with water. This is sample N.
Which procedure gives a pure, dry sample of G?
M is filtered and the residue is allowed to dry.
M is filtered and the filtrate is allowed to evaporate to dryness.
N is filtered and the filtrate is allowed to evaporate to dryness.
N is filtered and the residue is allowed to dry.
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Liquid Q is heated in a distillation apparatus and the distillate is collected.
The thermometer reading rises steadily from 132 °C to 136 °C for the whole time that the distillate is being collected.
Which conclusion about Q is correct?
Q is a pure liquid that boils at 132 °C.
Q contains more than one liquid.
Q contains two liquids, boiling at exactly 132 °C and 136 °C.
Q can be separated into pure liquids by filtration.
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