Exam code: 5070
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8.4 Transition Elements
The transition elements are used extensively as catalysts. Which statement explains why they are such good catalysts?
Their oxidation state does not change.
They have a large surface area.
They can have variable oxidation states.
They form coloured compounds.
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Sodium melts at 98 °C. Iron melts at 1538 °C.
Which property of the transition elements do these melting points show?
They have high melting points.
They have low densities.
They form compounds with only one oxidation number.
Their compounds are white solids.
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A small piece of potassium floats on water. A small piece of iron sinks.
What do these observations show?
Iron has a higher density than potassium.
Iron has a lower melting point than potassium.
Iron does not form coloured compounds.
Iron is more reactive than potassium.
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Which element is a transition element?
calcium
copper
potassium
sulfur
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Which pair of properties is typical of the transition elements?
high density and low melting point
low density and high melting point
high density and high melting point
low density and low melting point
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Which entry in the table matches the transition elements?
density | melting point | form coloured compounds | |
A | high | low | no |
B | high | high | yes |
C | low | low | no |
D | low | high | yes |
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Element M is a typical transition element.
Which statement about M is correct?
It conducts electricity, which shows that it is a transition element.
It forms compounds that are white solids.
It can form ions with different charges.
It has a low density.
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Three statements about the transition elements are shown.
1 | They have higher melting points than the Group I metals. |
2 | They form compounds in which the metal has only one oxidation number. |
3 | Their compounds are often coloured. |
Which statements are correct?
1 and 2
1 and 3
2 and 3
1, 2 and 3
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Four metal sulfates are each dissolved in water.
Which one gives a colourless solution?
copper(II) sulfate
iron(II) sulfate
nickel(II) sulfate
zinc sulfate
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Which entry in the table describes a typical transition element?
number of oxidation numbers | acts as a catalyst | reacts vigorously with cold water | |
|---|---|---|---|
A | one | yes | no |
B | more than one | yes | no |
C | more than one | no | yes |
D | one | no | yes |
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Transition elements and their compounds are often used as catalysts.
Which statement is correct?
Iron catalyses the reaction between sulfur dioxide and oxygen.
Nickel allows hydrogen to be added to an alkene.
Vanadium(V) oxide allows nitrogen and hydrogen to combine at a lower temperature.
Iron is used to convert an alkene into an alkane.
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A solid compound dissolves in water to give a green solution.
Which conclusion about the compound is correct?
The compound is a transition element.
Every compound of a transition element gives a green solution.
The solution contains uncombined atoms of a transition metal.
The compound contains ions of a transition element.
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Which substance is a compound of a transition element that is used as a catalyst?
iron
nickel
vanadium(V) oxide
calcium oxide
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Which pair of compounds shows that a metal has variable oxidation numbers?
MgCl2 and MgO
FeCl2 and FeCl3
CuO and CuSO4
NaCl and Na2O
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Which property is typical of the transition elements but is not typical of metals in general?
It conducts electricity when it is solid.
Its compounds are usually coloured.
It is malleable and can be drawn into wires.
Its compounds dissolve in water to give colourless solutions.
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