1
4 marks
Explain one reason why many national borders are contested.
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Nation States (Edexcel A Level Geography): Exam Questions
Exam code: 9GE0
2 hours18 questions
2
4 marks
Explain why the emergence of new nation states is often accompanied by conflict.
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3
4 marks
Explain one way in which physical geography determines national borders.
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4
4 marks
Explain one reason why a nation may not be a fully sovereign state.
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5
4 marks
Explain one way in which physical geography can determine national borders.
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6
4 marks
Explain one reason why some national borders are contested.
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7
4 marks
Explain one reason why patterns of migration are often strong between former colonies and the colonial power.
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8
4 marks
Explain one reason why some states operate as low-tax regimes or tax havens.
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1
6 marks
Study Figure 5 in the Resource Booklet.
Figure 5
Top ten tax-haven countries receiving Transnational Corporation (TNC) profits in 2019
Explain why many governments have mixed attitudes to the emergence of tax-havens.
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2
8 marks
Explain why the opinions of governments and Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) about the growth of tax havens may differ.
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3
8 marks
Explain why some national borders are contested.
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4
6 marks
Study Figure 1, which shows the impact of Bolivia's alternative economic policies.
Figure 1: Bolivia's alternative economic model
Measure | Change |
|---|---|
Gini coefficient | fell from 61.6 (2000) to 40.9 (2021) |
GDP growth | ~3.1%, around double the Latin American rate since 2006 |
Key policies | nationalising oil/resources; subsidies on food; promoting domestic production |
GDP per capita | $3,800 (still one of the lowest in South America) |
Suggest why an alternative economic model can reduce inequality within a country.
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5
8 marks
Explain why some national borders are contested.
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6
8 marks
Explain how colonialism has influenced the formation of modern nation states.
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7
8 marks
Explain why national sovereign states vary in their ethnic, cultural and linguistic unity.
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1
20 marks
Evaluate the view that the growth of tax havens has more costs than benefits for the global economy.
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2
20 marks
Evaluate the view that growing global inequality is the greatest threat to the sustainability of the global economic system.
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3
20 marks
Evaluate the view that colonial history is the main cause of contested borders and conflict in former colonies.
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