State Newton's first law of motion.

If the net force exerted on a system is zero , the velocity of that system will remain constant .

Inertia is the tendency of an object to remain in a constant state of motion or to resist a change in motion .

Define inertial reference frame .

An inertial reference frame is a non-accelerating reference frame.

What can an observer verify in an inertial reference frame ?

Newton's first law of motion, also called the law of inertia .

How does an object's mass affect its inertia ?

An object with a greater mass has a greater inertia , so it has a greater tendency to resist a change in motion.

An object with a net force of zero is said to be in .......... equilibrium.

An object with a net force of zero is said to be in translational equilibrium.

True or False? A net force is needed to keep an object moving at constant velocity.

False. A net force causes acceleration . An object moving at constant velocity has no acceleration, so its forces are balanced .

State Newton's second law of motion.

The acceleration of a system's center of mass has a magnitude proportional to the magnitude of the net force exerted on the system and is in the same direction as that net force.

How does acceleration depend on the net external force and on the mass of the system?

Acceleration is directly proportional to the net external force Acceleration is inversely proportional to the mass of the system

How do balanced and unbalanced forces differ?

Balanced forces: the net external force is zero Unbalanced forces: the net external force is nonzero

The velocity of a system's center of mass will only change if a .......... net external force is exerted on that system.

The velocity of a system's center of mass will only change if a nonzero net external force is exerted on that system.

On an inclined plane, why is there no motion into or away from the slope?

The forces perpendicular to the slope are balanced , so the net force in that direction is zero.

True or False? If the forces on a system are unbalanced in one dimension, its velocity must change in both dimensions.

False. The velocity changes only in the direction of the unbalanced force. Forces may be balanced in the other dimension.

State Newton's third law of motion.

If Object A exerts a force on Object B , then Object B will exert a force on Object A which is equal in magnitude but opposite in direction .

What four conditions must a Newton's third law force pair meet?

The same type of force The same magnitude Opposite directions Acting on different objects

How does Newton's third law differ from the first and second laws in the objects it considers?

The first and second laws deal with multiple forces acting on a single object . The third law describes the interaction of two objects through the paired forces each exerts on the other.

What is the third-law pair of the gravitational pull of the Earth on a book?

The gravitational pull of the book on the Earth .

A foot pushes on the ground. What is the third-law pair of the force on the ground from the foot?

The force on the foot from the ground . Both are normal contact forces of equal magnitude and opposite direction.

When two objects interact, the forces involved always arise in .......... .

When two objects interact, the forces involved always arise in pairs .

True or False? Two forces of equal magnitude acting in opposite directions on an object are always a third-law pair.

False. A third-law pair must meet all the criteria, including acting on different objects . A book's weight and the normal contact force on it act on the same object.

AP®PhysicsCollege BoardPhysics 1: Algebra-BasedFlashcardsUnit 2: Force & Translational DynamicsNewton's Laws

Newton's Laws (College Board AP® Physics 1: Algebra-Based): Flashcards

1/21

0Still learning

Know0

FrontNewton's First Law
State Newton's first law of motion.

Was this flashcard helpful?

Cards in this collection (21)

State Newton's first law of motion.
If the net force exerted on a system is zero, the velocity of that system will remain constant.
Define inertia.
Inertia is the tendency of an object to remain in a constant state of motion or to resist a change in motion.
Define inertial reference frame.
An inertial reference frame is a non-accelerating reference frame.
What can an observer verify in an inertial reference frame?
Newton's first law of motion, also called the law of inertia.
How does an object's mass affect its inertia?
An object with a greater mass has a greater inertia, so it has a greater tendency to resist a change in motion.
An object with a net force of zero is said to be in .......... equilibrium.
An object with a net force of zero is said to be in translational equilibrium.
True or False?
A net force is needed to keep an object moving at constant velocity.
False.
A net force causes acceleration. An object moving at constant velocity has no acceleration, so its forces are balanced.
State Newton's second law of motion.
The acceleration of a system's center of mass has a magnitude proportional to the magnitude of the net force exerted on the system and is in the same direction as that net force.
State the equation for Newton's second law.
${\vec{a}}_{sys} = \frac{\sum \vec{F}}{m_{sys}} = \frac{{\vec{F}}_{net}}{m_{sys}}$
- ${\vec{a}}_{sys}$ = acceleration of the system's center of mass (m/s²)
- ${\vec{F}}_{net}$ = net force exerted on the system (N)
- $m_{sys}$ = mass of the system (kg)
How does acceleration depend on the net external force and on the mass of the system?
- Acceleration is directly proportional to the net external force
- Acceleration is inversely proportional to the mass of the system
How do balanced and unbalanced forces differ?
- Balanced forces: the net external force is zero
- Unbalanced forces: the net external force is nonzero
The velocity of a system's center of mass will only change if a .......... net external force is exerted on that system.
The velocity of a system's center of mass will only change if a nonzero net external force is exerted on that system.
On an inclined plane, why is there no motion into or away from the slope?
The forces perpendicular to the slope are balanced, so the net force in that direction is zero.
True or False?
If the forces on a system are unbalanced in one dimension, its velocity must change in both dimensions.
False.
The velocity changes only in the direction of the unbalanced force. Forces may be balanced in the other dimension.
State Newton's third law of motion.
If Object A exerts a force on Object B, then Object B will exert a force on Object A which is equal in magnitude but opposite in direction.
What four conditions must a Newton's third law force pair meet?
- The same type of force
- The same magnitude
- Opposite directions
- Acting on different objects
How does Newton's third law differ from the first and second laws in the objects it considers?
The first and second laws deal with multiple forces acting on a single object. The third law describes the interaction of two objects through the paired forces each exerts on the other.
What is the third-law pair of the gravitational pull of the Earth on a book?
The gravitational pull of the book on the Earth.
A foot pushes on the ground. What is the third-law pair of the force on the ground from the foot?
The force on the foot from the ground. Both are normal contact forces of equal magnitude and opposite direction.
When two objects interact, the forces involved always arise in ...........
When two objects interact, the forces involved always arise in pairs.
True or False?
Two forces of equal magnitude acting in opposite directions on an object are always a third-law pair.
False.
A third-law pair must meet all the criteria, including acting on different objects. A book's weight and the normal contact force on it act on the same object.

Sign up to unlock flashcards

By signing up you agree to our Terms and Privacy Policy

Previous:Forces & Free-Body DiagramsNext:Tension