Success of Regeneration (Edexcel A Level Geography): Flashcards

Exam code: 9GE0

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  • Define economic regeneration success.

    An increase in income and employment and a decrease in poverty, showing that regeneration has improved an area’s economic performance.

  • How does higher income show regeneration success?

    Higher income means greater disposable income and spending power, boosting local businesses and tax revenues, so more money is available for services and further investment.

  • How does reduced poverty indicate successful regeneration?

    Fewer people on low incomes can meet basic needs, so councils spend less on crisis support and more on community services for everyone.

  • True or False?

    Higher employment levels suggest successful regeneration.

    True.

    More full-time, permanent jobs increase economic opportunities and spending power, showing the local economy has improved.

  • What is relative change in regeneration indicators?

    Relative change is the percentage change from the original value, used to compare how strongly indicators like employment or income have changed.

  • Successful regeneration is best judged by using           social, economic and environmental      .

    Successful regeneration is best judged by using multiple social, economic and environmental measures.

  • Define social progress in regeneration.

    Improvement in quality of life, shown by reduced inequalities, better IMD scores, and positive demographic changes such as higher life expectancy.

  • How can the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) show regeneration success?

    If IMD scores improve, there is less deprivation in factors like health, crime or income, indicating social progress after regeneration.

  • True or False?

    Regeneration benefits all residents equally.

    False.

    Success is subjective; some groups may gain from new jobs or housing, while others face displacement or rising inequality.

  • Improved           and longer           are key social indicators of regeneration success.

    Improved health and longer life expectancy are key social indicators of regeneration success.

  • Define an environmental indicator of regeneration.

    A measurable change in the physical environment, such as reduced pollution, less derelict land, or more green space, showing improved living conditions.

  • How does more green space show regeneration success?

    Extra green space encourages outdoor activity, improves health and well-being, and makes the area more attractive to residents and investors.

  • Define urban regeneration success.

    The degree to which economic, social, demographic and environmental indicators improve after a regeneration scheme.

  • What are the four main variables used to judge regeneration success?

    The four variables are economic, social, demographic and environmental changes.

  • The economic variable focuses on increasing average           and the number of better-paid          .

    The economic variable focuses on increasing average incomes and the number of better-paid jobs.

  • The social variable includes reducing levels of           and ensuring           are not forced out.

    The social variable includes reducing levels of deprivation and ensuring locals are not forced out.

  • How can demographic changes indicate successful regeneration?

    A higher proportion of younger working-age people and improved life expectancy suggest better economic prospects and reduced health deprivation.

  • True or False?

    A fall in any age group is a positive regeneration indicator.

    False.

    A decrease in the overall numbers of any age group usually indicates people have been pushed out or see fewer opportunities.

  • Define Salford Quays regeneration.

    A regeneration scheme transforming derelict docklands in Salford into a mixed-use area with new housing, services, and service-based employment such as MediaCityUK.

  • At Salford Quays, regeneration created over           new jobs and attracted           businesses.

    At Salford Quays, regeneration created over 23,000 new jobs and attracted 153 businesses.

  • How did regeneration change housing near Salford Quays?

    Investment in Pendleton modernised around 1300 houses, built 1500 new homes, and created more green space for community use.

  • True or False?

    All local residents benefitted equally from Salford Quays regeneration.

    False.

    Many locals face extreme deprivation, cannot afford new housing, and gained few of the new jobs, so benefits are uneven.

  • The £550 million           development, including the       relocation, is a flagship Salford Quays project.

    The £550 million MediaCityUK development, including the BBC relocation, is a flagship Salford Quays project.

  • Define stakeholder in urban regeneration.

    An individual or group with an interest, role or investment in a regeneration scheme, affected by and influencing its outcomes.

  • How might developers judge the success of regeneration?

    Developers focus on profit, rising land and property values, and share value, often with limited emotional attachment to the place.

  • Give two possible success measures for local governments in regeneration.

    They may use census and IMD data trends, job creation numbers, and reductions in derelict land as success measures.

  • Local residents often judge regeneration by better          , improved          , and more job          .

    Local residents often judge regeneration by better housing, improved environment, and more job opportunities.

  • Define stakeholder in rural regeneration.

    A stakeholder is any individual or group with interests, expectations or investments in a rural regeneration project and its outcomes.

  • Why do stakeholders often judge rural regeneration differently?

    Stakeholders have different social, economic and environmental expectations and contrasting lived experiences, so they prioritise different regeneration outcomes.

  • Successful rural regeneration may involve more jobs, better housing and higher           .

    Successful rural regeneration may involve more jobs, better housing and higher biodiversity.

  • Name three rural areas where regeneration often causes conflict.

    Conflict is common in National Parks, the urban-rural fringe and greenbelts.

  • A stakeholder’s             of a place strongly affects how they judge rural regeneration.

    A stakeholder’s lived experience of a place strongly affects how they judge rural regeneration.

  • True or False?

    National governments usually have a stronger lived experience of rural places than locals.

    False.

    National governments often have only a perceived sense of place, while locals usually have deeper lived experience of rural areas.

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