Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide & Particulates (College Board AP® Environmental Science): Flashcards
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How does carbon dioxide (CO₂) create the natural greenhouse effect?
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Cards in this collection (12)
How does carbon dioxide (CO₂) create the natural greenhouse effect?
CO₂ is a greenhouse gas that holds heat from the sun and warms Earth's surface, creating the natural greenhouse effect.
How do large-scale volcanic eruptions add CO₂ to the atmosphere?
Large-scale volcanic eruptions discharge CO₂ dissolved in magma into the atmosphere.
A large amount of CO₂ is released as a by-product of , which converts food into energy.
A large amount of CO₂ is released as a by-product of respiration, which converts food into energy.
Define aerobic decomposition.
Aerobic decomposition is the breakdown of organic matter by microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, in the presence of oxygen, releasing CO₂.
True or False?
Anaerobic decomposition releases carbon dioxide only.
False.
In anaerobic decomposition, microorganisms break down organic matter without oxygen and release both CO₂ and methane.
Why are PM₁₀ particles a respiratory irritant?
PM₁₀ particles, such as dust, pollen, ash, and mold, are too small to be filtered out by nose hairs or trachea cilia, so they irritate the respiratory tract.
Which health problems are linked to PM₂.₅ particles?
PM₂.₅ particles travel deep into the lungs and are linked to chronic bronchitis and an increased risk of lung cancer.
Why can desert and semi-arid dust storms affect air quality across huge areas?
Desert and semi-arid dust storms throw massive volumes of dust and sand into the air that can travel great distances.
How do volcanic eruptions increase particulate matter levels?
Volcanic eruptions release large volumes of ash and other volcanic debris into the air, increasing particulate matter levels.
True or False?
Wildfires that release particulate matter are always started by natural causes.
False.
Wildfires can be caused by lightning, accident, or arson, and their smoke and ash release high levels of PM.
Coastal spray disperses salt particles and other contaminants into the air.
Coastal sea spray disperses salt particles and other contaminants into the air.
How can biological processes increase particulate matter levels?
Biological processes such as the release of plant spores can increase PM levels in the air.
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